Laboratório de Biologia de Tripanosomatídeos (LABTRIP), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil.
Instituto de Arqueologia Brasileira, Estr. Cruz Vermelha, 45 - Vila Santa Teresa, Belford Roxo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 26193-415, Brazil.
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Oct 10;2018:8304129. doi: 10.1155/2018/8304129. eCollection 2018.
Despite interest in the origins of syphilis, paleopathological analysis has not provided answers, and paleogenetic diagnosis remains a challenge. Even venereal syphilis has low infectivity which means there are few circulating bacteria for most of the individual's life. Human remains recovered from the Nossa Senhora do Carmo Church (17th to 19th centuries) and the Praça XV Cemetery (18th to 19th centuries), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were subjected to paleogenetic analysis. Historical data point to endemic treponemal infections in the city, including venereal syphilis. Based on the physiopathology of infection, 25 samples, mostly from skull remains of young adults, with no visible paleopathological evidence of treponematoses, were analyzed. PCR with three molecular targets, 47, A, and 15, were applied. Ancient DNA 15 sequences were recovered from two young adults from each archaeological site and revealed the polymorphism that characterizes subsp. in a female up to 18 years old, suggesting a probable case of syphilis infection. The results indicated that the epidemiological context and the physiopathology of the disease should be considered in syphilis paleogenetic detection. The findings of sp. aDNA are consistent with historical documents that describe venereal syphilis and yaws as endemic diseases in Rio de Janeiro. Data on the epidemiological characteristics of the disease and its pathophysiology offer new perspectives in paleopathology.
尽管人们对梅毒的起源很感兴趣，但古病理学分析并未提供答案，古遗传学诊断仍然是一个挑战。即使是性病梅毒的传染性也很低，这意味着在大多数人的一生中，只有很少的循环细菌。巴西里约热内卢的 Nossa Senhora do Carmo 教堂（17 至 19 世纪）和 Praça XV 公墓（18 至 19 世纪）出土的人类遗骸接受了古遗传学分析。历史数据表明该城市存在地方性密螺旋体感染，包括性病梅毒。基于感染的病理生理学，对 25 个样本进行了分析，这些样本主要来自年轻成年人的头骨遗骸，没有可见的苍白螺旋体病的明显证据。应用了三个分子靶标 47、A 和 15 的 PCR。从每个考古遗址的两名年轻成年人中回收了古代 DNA 15 序列，并揭示了在一名 18 岁以下女性中特征性的亚种群多态性，这表明可能存在梅毒感染病例。结果表明，在梅毒古遗传学检测中应考虑流行病学背景和疾病的病理生理学。 sp. aDNA 的发现与描述性病梅毒和雅司病为里约热内卢地方性疾病的历史文献一致。关于疾病的流行病学特征及其病理生理学的数据为古病理学提供了新的视角。
