Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Kardiol Pol. 2019;77(1):18-23. doi: 10.5603/KP.a2018.0213. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Poland is a country of high cardiovascular risk. Because depression was found to be a predictor of coronary artery disease and the prevalence of depressive symptoms (DSs) has risen worldwide, their monitoring in the population is desirable.
We sought to evaluate the prevalence of DSs in relation to the socio-demographic status and selected types of cardio-vascular diseases in the adult Polish population.
A country-representative random sample of 2413 subjects, aged 18 to 79 years, was examined in 2011. Rates of self-reported cardiovascular conditions including hypertension (HT), coronary artery disease (CAD), previous myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), and stroke were assessed by a questionnaire, and the prevalence of DSs was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), separately in men and women. DSs were defined as BDI score ≥ 10 points.
Depressive symptoms were found in 23.4% of men and 33.4% of women (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of DSs increased with age, from 16.5% in the youngest group of men to 48.3% in the oldest group of women. We found that DSs were significantly more prevalent in subjects suffering from HT, CAD, stroke, AF, and diabetes, and also in women after MI. The rates of DSs in women with a history of MI or stroke were extremely high (76.3% and 83.3%, respectively). Age and primary education level were associated with DSs, as was history of stroke in women. DSs were more often found in older persons and in those with primary level of education.
Depressive symptoms were more prevalent in women compared to men, and they were significantly and inde-pendently associated with age and primary education level in both sexes, and with a history of stroke in women.
波兰是一个心血管疾病高危国家。由于抑郁被发现是冠心病的预测因素，且全球范围内抑郁症状的患病率有所上升，因此对其在人群中的监测是必要的。
我们旨在评估波兰成年人群中抑郁症状与社会人口统计学状况和某些类型心血管疾病之间的关系。
我们于 2011 年对 2413 名年龄在 18 至 79 岁的具有代表性的波兰人群进行了调查。通过问卷评估了自我报告的心血管疾病的发生率，包括高血压（HT）、冠心病（CAD）、既往心肌梗死（MI）、心力衰竭、心房颤动（AF）和中风。抑郁症状的患病率通过贝克抑郁自评量表（BDI）单独评估，男女分别评估。抑郁症状被定义为 BDI 评分≥10 分。
男性中抑郁症状的患病率为 23.4%，女性中为 33.4%（p<0.0001）。抑郁症状的患病率随年龄增长而增加，从最年轻组男性的 16.5%增加到最年长组女性的 48.3%。我们发现，抑郁症状在患有 HT、CAD、中风、AF 和糖尿病的患者中更为常见，在女性 MI 后也更为常见。有 MI 或中风病史的女性中抑郁症状的发生率极高（分别为 76.3%和 83.3%）。年龄和小学教育水平与抑郁症状相关，女性的中风病史也是如此。抑郁症状在年龄较大和接受小学教育的人群中更为常见。
与男性相比，女性的抑郁症状更为常见，并且在两性中与年龄和小学教育水平显著相关，在女性中与中风病史相关。
