Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK.
Section for Transfusion Medicine, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DENMARK.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Apr;51(4):692-700. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001837.
This study tested the hypothesis that autologous blood transfusion (ABT) of ~50% of the red blood cells (RBC) from a standard 450-mL phlebotomy would increase mean power in a cycling time trial. In addition, the study investigated whether further ABT of RBC obtained from another 450-mL phlebotomy would increase repeated cycling sprint ability.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design (3-month wash-out), nine highly trained male subjects donated two 450-mL blood bags each (BT trial) or were sham phlebotomized (PLA trial). Four weeks later, a 650-kcal time trial (n = 7) was performed 3 d before and 2 h after receiving either ~50% (135 mL) of the RBC or a sham transfusion. On the following day, transfusion of RBC (235 mL) from the second donation or sham transfusion was completed. A 4 × 30-s all-out cycling sprint interspersed by 4 min of recovery was performed 6 d before and 3 d after the second ABT (n = 9).
The mean power was increased in time trials from before to after transfusion (P < 0.05) in BT (213 ± 35 vs 223 ± 38 W; mean ± SD) but not in PLA (223 ± 42 vs 224 ± 46 W). In contrast, the mean power output across the four 30-s sprint bouts remained similar in BT (639 ± 35 vs 644 ± 26 W) and PLA (638 ± 43 vs 639 ± 25 W).
ABT of only ~135 mL of RBC is sufficient to increase mean power in a 650-kcal cycling time trial by ~5% in highly trained men. In contrast, a combined high-volume transfusion of ~135 and ~235 mL of RBC does not alter 4 × 30-s all-out cycling performance interspersed with 4 min of recovery.
本研究旨在验证以下假设，即从标准的 450 毫升采血中自体输血（ABT）约 50%的红细胞（RBC）可提高自行车计时赛的平均功率。此外，该研究还探讨了从另一个 450 毫升采血中进一步 ABT 是否会增加重复自行车冲刺能力。
采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照交叉设计（3 个月洗脱期），9 名高训练水平的男性受试者每人捐献两次 450 毫升血袋（BT 试验）或接受假采血（PLA 试验）。4 周后，进行 650 千卡的计时赛（n=7），在接受约 50%（135 毫升）的 RBC 或假输血前 3 天和 2 小时进行。第二天，完成从第二次采血或假输血中提取的 RBC（235 毫升）的输血。在第二次 ABT 前 6 天和 3 天进行 4 次 30 秒全力自行车冲刺，每 4 分钟恢复一次（n=9）。
在 BT 组中，从输血前到输血后，计时赛的平均功率增加（P<0.05）（213±35 与 223±38 W；平均值±标准差），但在 PLA 组中则没有（223±42 与 224±46 W）。相比之下，BT 组（639±35 与 644±26 W）和 PLA 组（638±43 与 639±25 W）的四个 30 秒冲刺回合的平均功率输出相似。
在高训练水平的男性中，仅 ABT 约 135 毫升 RBC 就足以使 650 千卡自行车计时赛的平均功率提高约 5%。相比之下，高容量的 RBC 输血（ABT）约 135 和 235 毫升的联合输血不会改变 4 分钟恢复期的 4×30 秒全力自行车冲刺性能。
