J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 Jan;119(1):45-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.165. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
Household food purchases are potential indicators of the quality of the home food environment, and grocery purchase behavior is a main focus of US Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrition education programs; therefore, objective measures of grocery purchases are needed.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 (GPQI-2016) as a tool for assessing grocery food purchase quality by using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) as the reference standard.
In 2012, the USDA Economic Research Service conducted the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey. Members of participating households recorded all foods acquired for a week. Foods purchased at stores were mapped to the 29 food categories used in USDA Food Plans, expenditure shares were estimated, and GPQI-2016 scores were calculated. USDA food codes, provided in the survey database, were used to calculate the HEI-2015.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: All households in the 48 coterminous states were eligible for the survey. The analytic sample size was 4,276 households.
GPQI-2016 and HEI-2015 scores were compared.
Correlation of scores was assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Linear regression models with fixed effects were used to determine differences among various subgroups of households.
The correlation coefficient for the total GPQI-2016 score and the total HEI-2015 score was 0.70. For the component scores, the strongest correlations were for Total and Whole Fruit (0.89 to 0.90); the weakest were for Dairy (0.67), Refined Grains (0.66), and Sweets and Sodas/Added Sugars (0.65) (all, P<0.01). Both the GPQI-2016 and HEI-2015 were significantly different among subgroups in expected directions.
Overall, the GPQI-2016, estimated from a national survey of households, performed similarly to the HEI-2015. The tool has potential for evaluating nutrition education programs and retail-oriented interventions when the nutrient content and gram weights of foods purchased are not available.
家庭食品购买是家庭食品环境质量的潜在指标，杂货购买行为是美国农业部（USDA）营养教育计划的主要关注点；因此，需要客观衡量杂货购买情况。
本研究旨在评估 2016 年杂货购买质量指数（GPQI-2016），将其作为一种评估杂货食品购买质量的工具，以 2015 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2015）作为参考标准。
2012 年，USDA 经济研究局开展了全国家庭食品获取和购买调查。参与家庭的成员记录了一周内获得的所有食品。将在商店购买的食品映射到 USDA 食品计划中使用的 29 种食品类别，估计支出份额，并计算 GPQI-2016 得分。调查数据库中提供的 USDA 食品代码用于计算 HEI-2015。
参与者/设置：48 个相邻州的所有家庭都有资格参加调查。分析样本量为 4276 户家庭。
比较 GPQI-2016 和 HEI-2015 分数。
使用 Spearman 相关系数评估得分的相关性。使用具有固定效应的线性回归模型确定不同家庭群体之间的差异。
总 GPQI-2016 得分和总 HEI-2015 得分的相关系数为 0.70。对于分量得分，相关性最强的是总得分和全水果（0.89 至 0.90）；最弱的是乳制品（0.67）、精制谷物（0.66）和甜食和苏打水/添加糖（0.65）（均 P<0.01）。GPQI-2016 和 HEI-2015 得分在预期方向上在各个亚组之间均存在显著差异。
总体而言，从家庭的全国性调查中估算出的 GPQI-2016 与 HEI-2015 表现相似。当购买食品的营养成分和克重不可用时，该工具具有评估营养教育计划和面向零售的干预措施的潜力。
