Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
School of Geography, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Vet Rec. 2019 Feb 2;184(5):153. doi: 10.1136/vr.105041. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Prescription veterinary medicine (PVM) use in the UK is an area of increasing focus for the veterinary profession. While many studies measure antimicrobial use on dairy farms, none report the quantity of antimicrobials stored on farms, nor the ways in which they are stored. The majority of PVM treatments occur in the absence of the prescribing veterinarian, yet there is an identifiable knowledge gap surrounding PVM use and farmer decision making. To provide an evidence base for future work on PVM use, data were collected from 27 dairy farms in England and Wales in Autumn 2016. The number of different PVMs stored on farms ranged from 9 to 35, with antimicrobials being the most common therapeutic group stored. Injectable antimicrobials comprised the greatest weight of active ingredient found, while intramammary antimicrobials were the most frequent unit of medicine stored. Antimicrobials classed by the European Medicines Agency as critically important to human health were present on most farms, and the presence of expired medicines and medicines not licensed for use in dairy cattle was also common. The medicine resources available to farmers are likely to influence their treatment decisions; therefore, evidence of the PVM stored on farms can help inform understanding of medicine use.
在英国，处方兽用药物（PVM）的使用是兽医行业日益关注的领域。虽然许多研究都衡量了奶牛场的抗生素使用情况，但没有研究报告农场储存的抗生素数量，也没有报告它们的储存方式。大多数 PVM 治疗都是在没有处方兽医的情况下进行的，但围绕 PVM 使用和农民决策存在明显的知识差距。为了为未来的 PVM 使用研究提供证据基础，2016 年秋季在英格兰和威尔士的 27 个奶牛场收集了数据。农场储存的不同 PVM 数量从 9 种到 35 种不等，抗生素是储存最常见的治疗药物。发现的活性成分中，注射用抗生素的重量最大，而储存的最常见的单位药物是乳房内用抗生素。欧洲药品管理局认为对人类健康至关重要的抗生素都存在于大多数农场中，过期药品和未经批准用于奶牛的药品也很常见。农民可获得的药物资源可能会影响他们的治疗决策；因此，农场储存的 PVM 的证据有助于了解药物的使用情况。
