Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 91540-000, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 91540-000, Brazil.
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 91540-000, Brazil.
Poult Sci. 2022 Sep;101(9):101987. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101987. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
This study aimed to describe the perception of veterinarians who work with commercial laying hens in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, regarding the use of antibiotics and their possible impacts on animal, human, and environmental health. A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out through face-to-face or web conferencing interviews with the veterinarians that provide technical assistance at commercial laying hen operations. A standardized and structured questionnaire was developed based on the literature and expert opinion, which contained 1 opened and 40 closed questions. Conventional non-probabilistic sampling was used, based on an initial list of 15 veterinarians registered in the Poultry Production Association of Rio Grande do Sul, followed by the snowball technique. The acquisition of 26 contacts of veterinarians was accomplished, and 16 were interviewed. Through the answers obtained it was possible to verify that the interviewees' understanding regarding both the antibiotic resistance impact and the decision-making about the use of antibiotics seem to be linked to their practical experiences. Besides that, according to the veterinarians, farmers can acquire and administer the antimicrobials on their farms. Moreover, both farm storage and administration of lower doses of antibiotics than the recommended one could be contributing factors to resistant bacteria selection. Furthermore, controversially, the professionals believed that resistant bacteria can be transmitted to humans from eggs, but they said that there are no bacteria in eggs. Therefore, the veterinarians´ practices can be improved considering national and international guidelines on antimicrobial resistance to minimize the development of resistance. Finally, it is expected that the present results will contribute to a more complex discussion about antimicrobial resistance, helping to formulate public policies in the egg production industry.
本研究旨在描述巴西南里奥格兰德州商业蛋鸡养殖场兽医对使用抗生素及其对动物、人类和环境健康可能产生的影响的看法。通过对在商业蛋鸡养殖场提供技术援助的兽医进行面对面或网络会议访谈，开展了一项描述性流行病学研究。根据文献和专家意见，制定了一份基于开放式和 40 个封闭式问题的标准化和结构化问卷。采用常规非概率抽样方法，根据南里奥格兰德州家禽生产协会登记的最初的 15 名兽医名单，然后采用滚雪球技术。共获得了 26 名兽医的联系方式，并对其中的 16 人进行了访谈。通过获得的答案，可以验证受访者对抗生素耐药性影响和抗生素使用决策的理解似乎与其实践经验有关。此外，根据兽医的说法，农民可以在他们的农场购买和使用这些抗生素。此外，农场储存和管理低于推荐剂量的抗生素也可能是选择耐药菌的因素。此外，颇具争议的是，专业人员认为耐药菌可以从鸡蛋传播给人类，但他们表示鸡蛋中没有细菌。因此，可以考虑根据国家和国际抗微生物药物耐药性指南来改进兽医的实践，以最大程度地减少耐药性的产生。最后，预计本研究结果将有助于更深入地讨论抗微生物药物耐药性问题，为鸡蛋生产行业制定公共政策提供帮助。
