School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, North Campus, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland 0627, New Zealand.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Jan 1;194:75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.041. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Long-term use of MA has been associated with cognitive dysfunction in several domains. Neuroimaging studies have also reported structural, metabolic, and functional changes in MA users. However, no systematic review has been conducted on those studies in MA users that combined neuroimaging and cognitive tasks.
This article systematically reviews correlation between brain imaging measures and cognitive performance in subjects with current and previous history of MA use. Findings are categorized based on cognitive domain.
MA users performed more poorly than controls in all cognitive domains (psychomotor, working memory, attention, cognitive control, and decision- making) and a positive correlation has been repeatedly observed between performance and brain measures (regional volume/density, blood flow, glucose metabolism, FA value, NAA level, and activation) in MA users. Performance in cognitive control was consistently reported to show relationship with brain measures in the PFC and ACC, while decision- making consistently showed correlation with brain measures in the PFC, ACC, and striatum.
There is solid evidence for brain- behavior relationship in cognitive functioning in MA users, particularly in cognitive control and decision-making. More research with correlation analysis between brain-behavior and MA use parameters is strongly encouraged.
长期使用 MA 会导致多个领域的认知功能障碍。神经影像学研究还报告了 MA 用户的结构、代谢和功能变化。然而，目前还没有对那些将神经影像学和认知任务相结合的 MA 用户研究进行系统的综述。
本文系统地回顾了当前和既往 MA 使用史受试者的脑影像学测量值与认知表现之间的相关性。根据认知领域对发现进行了分类。
MA 用户在所有认知领域（心理运动、工作记忆、注意力、认知控制和决策）的表现均逊于对照组，并且在 MA 用户中，脑测量值（区域体积/密度、血流、葡萄糖代谢、FA 值、NAA 水平和激活）与表现之间反复观察到正相关。认知控制表现与 PFC 和 ACC 中的脑测量值之间的关系，而决策始终与 PFC、ACC 和纹状体中的脑测量值相关。
有确凿的证据表明 MA 用户的认知功能存在脑-行为关系，特别是在认知控制和决策方面。强烈鼓励进行更多的脑-行为与 MA 使用参数之间的相关性分析研究。
