Zhao Qi, Liu Jianing, Zhou Chenglin, Liu Tianze
Physical Education Institute, Jimei University, China.
Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 20;10(9):e29847. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29847. eCollection 2024 May 15.
To explore the effects of chronic exercise on attentional bias toward drug-related stimuli and on brain electrophysiological characteristics among women with methamphetamine addiction.
In total, 63 women with methamphetamine addiction were randomized to participate in a dance (n = 21; mean age, 32.16 ± 2.07 years), bicycle (n = 21; mean age, 32.59 ± 2.12 years), or control (maintained regular activities with little exercise; n = 21; mean age, 30.95 ± 2.81 years) group for 12 weeks. The participants in the three groups were not significantly different in terms of methamphetamine use or detoxification. Before and after the intervention, attentional bias was assessed using the dot-probe task, and event-related potentials were recorded during the task.
The mean attentional bias scores decreased significantly after the intervention in both exercise groups but not in the control group. After 12 weeks of dance exercise, the amplitudes of the N170, N2, P2, and P3 components of the event-related potentials decreased significantly during attentional bias processing. In addition, differences in N170 amplitudes for congruent vs. incongruent conditions in the dot-probe task were no longer observed. After 12 weeks of cycling exercise, N2 and P2 amplitudes decreased significantly. By contrast, there were no significant differences in N170, N2, P2, and P3 amplitudes in the control group before vs. after the intervention.
Chronic (12 weeks of) aerobic exercise reduced attentional bias toward drug-related cues by improving attentional inhibition and reducing the maintenance of extra attention to drug-related cues among women with methamphetamine addiction. Both dance and bicycle exercise improved the early recognition of drug-related cues, weakened the influence of the memory of previous drug use, and improved attentional bias behavior by strengthening attention control. Dance exercise, but not bicycling, also regulated emotional control and improved the attention selection process. These results provide theoretical and empirical evidence that chronic aerobic exercise may reduce the attentional bias toward drug-related cues to assist in the recovery of women with methamphetamine addiction.
探讨长期运动对甲基苯丙胺成瘾女性药物相关刺激的注意偏向及脑电生理特征的影响。
将63名甲基苯丙胺成瘾女性随机分为舞蹈组（n = 21；平均年龄32.16 ± 2.07岁）、自行车组（n = 21；平均年龄32.59 ± 2.12岁）或对照组（维持日常活动，运动量极少；n = 21；平均年龄30.95 ± 2.81岁），干预12周。三组参与者在甲基苯丙胺使用或戒毒方面无显著差异。干预前后，采用点探测任务评估注意偏向，并在任务过程中记录事件相关电位。
两个运动组干预后平均注意偏向得分显著降低，而对照组未降低。舞蹈运动12周后，在注意偏向处理过程中，事件相关电位的N170、N2、P2和P3成分波幅显著降低。此外，点探测任务中，一致性与不一致性条件下N170波幅的差异不再存在。自行车运动12周后，N2和P2波幅显著降低。相比之下，对照组干预前后N170、N2、P2和P3波幅无显著差异。
长期（12周）有氧运动通过改善注意抑制，减少甲基苯丙胺成瘾女性对药物相关线索的额外注意维持，从而降低对药物相关线索的注意偏向。舞蹈和自行车运动均改善了对药物相关线索的早期识别，削弱了既往吸毒记忆的影响，并通过加强注意控制改善了注意偏向行为。舞蹈运动而非自行车运动还调节了情绪控制并改善了注意选择过程。这些结果提供了理论和实证依据，表明长期有氧运动可能减少对药物相关线索的注意偏向，有助于甲基苯丙胺成瘾女性的康复。
