Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (WRHI), Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, P/Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa.
Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangte, Cameroon; Africa Intelligence and Surveillance, Communication and Response (Africa DISCoR) Institute, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J Infect Public Health. 2019 Mar-Apr;12(2):213-223. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounts for more than two thirds of the world's HIV infection. Despite scaled-up prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programmes, mother to child transmission of HIV (MTCT) continues to escalate. We describe the challenges faced by PMTCT in MTCT in SSA. The study reviewed articles and reports published online. The most common barriers and challenges were non-disclosure of HIV status, late initiation of ARVs treatment/adherence, STIs screening, long clinics waiting time, non-involvement of men in ANC/PMTCT, infant feeding methods and sensitization of community members on ANC/PMTCT programmes. The study highlights the need to expand PMTCT coverage and the implementation of the 90-90-90 programme toward MTCT elimination in SSA. That is " ≥90% of pregnant and breast-feeding mothers must know their HIV status; ≥90% of those that are positive are enrolled on ARVs treatment and care; ≥90% of those on ARVs treatment and care are virally suppressed.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）占世界上超过三分之二的艾滋病病毒感染。尽管扩大了预防母婴传播艾滋病毒（PMTCT）计划，但艾滋病毒母婴传播（MTCT）仍在不断加剧。我们描述了 PMTCT 在 SSA 面临的挑战。该研究审查了在线发表的文章和报告。最常见的障碍和挑战包括 HIV 状况的不披露、抗逆转录病毒治疗/依从性的延迟开始、性传播感染筛查、诊所长时间等待、男性不参与 ANC/PMTCT、婴儿喂养方式以及社区成员对 ANC/PMTCT 方案的敏感性。该研究强调需要扩大 PMTCT 覆盖范围，并实施 90-90-90 方案，以实现 SSA 消除 MTCT。这意味着“≥90%的孕妇和哺乳期妇女必须知道自己的 HIV 状况；≥90%的 HIV 阳性者必须接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和护理；≥90%接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和护理的人必须病毒得到抑制。”
