The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
BMC Microbiol. 2018 Nov 13;18(1):184. doi: 10.1186/s12866-018-1326-1.
The ProPrems trial, a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial, previously reported a 54% reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) of Bell stage 2 or more from 4.4 to 2.0% in 1099 infants born before 32 completed weeks' gestation and weighing < 1500 g, receiving probiotic supplementation (with Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BB-02, Streptococcus thermophilus TH-4 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12). This sub-study investigated the effect of probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota in a cohort of very preterm infants in ProPrems.
Bifidobacterium was found in higher abundance in infants who received the probiotics (AOR 17.22; 95% CI, 3.49-84.99, p < 0.001) as compared to the placebo group, and Enterococcus was reduced in infants receiving the probiotic during the supplementation period (AOR 0.27; 95% CI, 0.09-0.82, p = 0.02).
Probiotic supplementation with BB-02, TH-4 and BB-12 from soon after birth increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota of very preterm infants. Increased abundance of Bifidobacterium soon after birth may be associated with reducing the risk of NEC in very preterm infants.
ProPrems 试验是一项多中心、双盲、安慰剂对照随机试验，此前报道称，在出生胎龄<32 周且体重<1500g 的 1099 名婴儿中，与安慰剂组相比，接受益生菌补充（含长双歧杆菌亚种。婴儿双歧杆菌 BB-02、嗜热链球菌 TH-4 和动物双歧杆菌亚种。乳双歧杆菌 BB-12）的婴儿，坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）的发生率从 4.4%降至 2.0%，Bell 分期 2 期或更高级别 NEC 发生率降低 54%。本亚研究调查了益生菌补充对 ProPrems 中非常早产儿肠道微生物群的影响。
与安慰剂组相比，接受益生菌的婴儿双歧杆菌丰度更高（AOR 17.22；95%CI，3.49-84.99，p<0.001），而接受益生菌期间肠球菌减少（AOR 0.27；95%CI，0.09-0.82，p=0.02）。
从出生后不久开始补充 BB-02、TH-4 和 BB-12 益生菌可增加非常早产儿肠道微生物群中双歧杆菌的丰度。出生后双歧杆菌丰度的增加可能与降低非常早产儿 NEC 风险有关。
