Lopez-de-Andrés Ana, Vazquez-Vazquez Luis, Martinez-Huedo Maria A, Hernández-Barrera Valentín, Jimenez-Trujillo Isabel, Tapias-Ledesma Miguel A, de Miguel-Diez Javier, Jiménez-García Rodrigo
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain,
Human Anatomy and Embryology Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018 Oct 18;13:3435-3445. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S174898. eCollection 2018.
Periodontal disease is more prevalent and more severe among men and women suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with healthy adults. The objectives of this paper were to assess the association between periodontal disease and COPD, controlling the effect of sociodemographic characteristics, oral health status, lifestyle variables, and comorbidities. Second, we identified which of the variables analyzed were independently associated with periodontal disease among COPD sufferers.
This descriptive study was done with data from the National/European Health Interview Surveys, conducted in years 2006, 2011/12, and 2014 in Spain. We included subjects ≥40 years of age. COPD status was self-reported. One non-COPD patient was matched by age, gender, and the year of survey for each COPD case. The presence of periodontal disease was defined using the answers "my teeth bleed spontaneously or while brushing" or/and "my teeth move" to the question: "Do you suffer of any of these dental and oral disorders or diseases?" Independent variables included demographic, socioeconomic, and health care-related variables, oral health status, and presence of comorbidities.
The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher among COPD patients than their matched non-COPD controls (26.5% vs 22.2%; <0.001). Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of periodontal disease for subjects with COPD was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.12-1.30). Suffering mental disorders (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.32-1.97) was positively associated with higher risk of periodontal disease. Older age, having a private dental health insurance, and university education were variables associated with lower rates of periodontal disease.
Prevalence of periodontal disease was higher among those with COPD compared to non-COPD controls. Dentists and physicians should increase their awareness with their COPD patients, especially those who are younger, with lower education, and suffer depression and/or anxiety.
与健康成年人相比，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者中牙周病更为普遍且更为严重。本文的目的是评估牙周病与COPD之间的关联，同时控制社会人口学特征、口腔健康状况、生活方式变量和合并症的影响。其次，我们确定了在COPD患者中，所分析的哪些变量与牙周病独立相关。
本描述性研究使用了2006年、2011/12年和2014年在西班牙进行的国家/欧洲健康访谈调查的数据。我们纳入了年龄≥40岁的受试者。COPD状态通过自我报告获得。每例COPD病例匹配一名年龄、性别和调查年份相同的非COPD患者。牙周病的存在根据对“您是否患有以下任何牙齿和口腔疾病？”这一问题的回答“我的牙齿自发出血或刷牙时出血”或/和“我的牙齿松动”来定义。自变量包括人口统计学、社会经济和医疗保健相关变量、口腔健康状况以及合并症的存在情况。
COPD患者中牙周病的患病率高于其匹配的非COPD对照（26.5%对22.2%；<0.001）。COPD患者患牙周病的调整优势比（AOR）为1.21（95%置信区间：1.12 - 1.30）。患有精神障碍（AOR：1.61；95%置信区间：1.32 - 1.97）与牙周病风险较高呈正相关。年龄较大、拥有私人牙科健康保险和接受大学教育是与牙周病发病率较低相关的变量。
与非COPD对照相比，COPD患者中牙周病的患病率更高。牙医和医生应该提高对COPD患者的认识，尤其是那些年龄较小、教育程度较低且患有抑郁症和/或焦虑症的患者。
