Dental School, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Section of Gerontopsychiatric Research, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Gerontology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Arch Oral Biol. 2018 Feb;86:7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
The objective of this research was to identify risk factors for tooth loss in two birth cohorts, quinquagenarians and septuagenarians, after up to 10 years of clinical observation.
One hundred and twenty-three participants were recruited from the Interdisciplinary Study of Adult Development (ILSE) and examined at baseline and up to 10 years after. Thirty-nine and 84 participants belonged to the older (OC; born in 1930/32) cohort and younger (YC; born in 1950/52) cohort, respectively. Each participant underwent a dental examination comprising evaluation of the dental status (number of teeth, prosthetic restorations), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), DMF-S, periodontal probing depths (PD) and tooth mobility (TM). Incidence of tooth loss over the study period was calculated for both cohorts as well as for the grouped dental target variables. A logistic regression model for tooth loss (0=tooth present/1=tooth lost) was compiled with possible binary confounders.
During the study period (eight years in mean), 1.2 (1.9) and 2.6 (2.6) teeth were lost in YC and OC, respectively, reflecting correspondent loss rates of 5% and 14% (p<0.001). However, primarily TM >1 merged into substantial tooth loss (60% lost). The regression analysis confirmed the bivariate findings. Older age and worse oral health issues were identified as risk factors for tooth loss(p<0.05).
Both quinquagenarians and septuagenarians show relevant tooth loss over a period of up to 10 years but more in septuagenarians. The predominant predictor for tooth loss seems to be greater tooth mobility. With the rising challenges due to aging in several societies, knowing the risks might help clinicians when weighing treatment strategies and should encourage refining preventive measures for older patients.
本研究旨在通过长达 10 年的临床观察，确定两个队列（五十多岁和七十多岁）中牙齿缺失的风险因素。
123 名参与者从跨学科成人发展研究（ILSE）中招募，并在基线和 10 年后进行检查。39 名和 84 名参与者分别属于年龄较大（OC；出生于 1930/32 年）队列和年龄较小（YC；出生于 1950/52 年）队列。每位参与者都接受了牙科检查，包括评估牙齿状况（牙齿数量、修复体）、菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）、DMF-S、牙周探诊深度（PD）和牙齿松动度（TM）。计算了两个队列以及分组后的牙齿目标变量在研究期间的牙齿缺失发生率。使用可能的二元混杂因素编制了用于牙齿缺失的逻辑回归模型（0=牙齿存在/1=牙齿缺失）。
在研究期间（平均 8 年），YC 和 OC 分别损失了 1.2（1.9）和 2.6（2.6）颗牙齿，相应的缺失率为 5%和 14%（p<0.001）。然而，主要是 TM >1 导致了大量牙齿缺失（60%缺失）。回归分析证实了双变量结果。年龄较大和口腔健康问题较严重被确定为牙齿缺失的危险因素（p<0.05）。
五十多岁和七十多岁的人在长达 10 年的时间内都会出现明显的牙齿缺失，但七十多岁的人更多。牙齿松动度是牙齿缺失的主要预测因素。随着几个社会因老龄化而面临的挑战不断增加，了解这些风险可能有助于临床医生在权衡治疗策略时做出决策，并应鼓励为老年患者完善预防措施。
