Kassebaum N J, Smith A G C, Bernabé E, Fleming T D, Reynolds A E, Vos T, Murray C J L, Marcenes W
1 Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
2 Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Dent Res. 2017 Apr;96(4):380-387. doi: 10.1177/0022034517693566.
The Global Burden of Disease 2015 study aims to use all available data of sufficient quality to generate reliable and valid prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) estimates of oral conditions for the period of 1990 to 2015. Since death as a direct result of oral diseases is rare, DALY estimates were based on years lived with disability, which are estimated only on those persons with unmet need for dental care. We used our data to assess progress toward the Federation Dental International, World Health Organization, and International Association for Dental Research's oral health goals of reducing the level of oral diseases and minimizing their impact by 2020. Oral health has not improved in the last 25 y, and oral conditions remained a major public health challenge all over the world in 2015. Due to demographic changes, including population growth and aging, the cumulative burden of oral conditions dramatically increased between 1990 and 2015. The number of people with untreated oral conditions rose from 2.5 billion in 1990 to 3.5 billion in 2015, with a 64% increase in DALYs due to oral conditions throughout the world. Clearly, oral diseases are highly prevalent in the globe, posing a very serious public health challenge to policy makers. Greater efforts and potentially different approaches are needed if the oral health goal of reducing the level of oral diseases and minimizing their impact is to be achieved by 2020. Despite some challenges with current measurement methodologies for oral diseases, measurable specific oral health goals should be developed to advance global public health.
《2015年全球疾病负担》研究旨在利用所有质量足够的现有数据，得出1990年至2015年期间口腔疾病可靠且有效的患病率、发病率及伤残调整生命年（DALY）估计值。由于口腔疾病直接导致死亡的情况罕见，DALY估计值基于失能生存年数，且仅针对口腔护理需求未得到满足的人群进行估算。我们利用自身数据评估了在实现国际牙科联合会、世界卫生组织及国际牙科研究协会提出的到2020年降低口腔疾病水平并尽量减少其影响的口腔健康目标方面所取得的进展。在过去25年里口腔健康状况并未改善，2015年口腔疾病仍然是全球主要的公共卫生挑战。由于包括人口增长和老龄化在内的人口结构变化，1990年至2015年期间口腔疾病的累积负担大幅增加。口腔疾病未得到治疗的人数从1990年的25亿增至2015年的35亿，全球因口腔疾病导致的伤残调整生命年增加了64%。显然，口腔疾病在全球高度流行，给政策制定者带来了非常严峻的公共卫生挑战。如果要在2020年实现降低口腔疾病水平并尽量减少其影响的口腔健康目标，就需要付出更大努力并可能采取不同方法。尽管目前口腔疾病测量方法存在一些挑战，但仍应制定可衡量的具体口腔健康目标以推动全球公共卫生发展。
