1 Division of Health Outcomes and Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
2 Department of Pharmacy and Health Systems Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Mens Health. 2019 Jan-Feb;13(1):1557988318813490. doi: 10.1177/1557988318813490. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
Little is known regarding interventions that incorporate health management perceptions among African American (AA) men, to reduce the risk for developing various medical conditions. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the study objective was to better understand health-care perceptions of AA men by assessing participants' attitudes, subjective norms (SNs), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) regarding health management. AA adult males in Texas were recruited to participate in one of four qualitative focus groups. The TPB was used to assess participants' attitudes (advantages/disadvantages), SNs (approvers/disapprovers), and PBC (enablers/barriers) regarding health management. All four sessions were audiotaped, transcribed, and independently analyzed by researchers to identify major themes. Participants ( n = 23) were 45.2 ± 16.2 years of age (range 24-74). Regarding attitudes toward health management, participants viewed increased longevity and avoiding future health problems as advantages; however, increased cost, lack of confidence in health care, and social pressures were disadvantages. Regarding SNs, parents and children were positive influencers, while spouses and coworkers were both positive and negative influencers. For PBC, a support system and health awareness were identified as enablers, while medical mistrust, fear, and culture were barriers. The results convey that health management behaviors in AA males are multifaceted. Health-care providers should seek to understand these factors, discuss these issues with AA males, and integrate treatment strategies that are culturally informed and patient centered. Findings from this study may be used to develop targeted interventions that improve health outcomes for AA males.
关于在非裔美国人（AA）男性中纳入健康管理观念的干预措施，以降低各种医疗条件的风险，人们知之甚少。本研究采用计划行为理论（TPB），通过评估参与者对健康管理的态度、主观规范（SN）和感知行为控制（PBC），更好地了解 AA 男性的医疗保健观念。德克萨斯州的成年 AA 男性被招募参加四个定性焦点小组中的一个。TPB 用于评估参与者对健康管理的态度（优势/劣势）、SN（赞成者/反对者）和 PBC（促进者/障碍）。所有四个会议都进行了录音、转录，并由研究人员独立分析，以确定主要主题。参与者（n=23）的年龄为 45.2±16.2 岁（范围 24-74 岁）。关于对健康管理的态度，参与者认为增加寿命和避免未来健康问题是优势；然而，增加成本、对医疗保健缺乏信心和社会压力是劣势。关于 SN，父母和孩子是积极的影响者，而配偶和同事既是积极的也是消极的影响者。对于 PBC，支持系统和健康意识被确定为促进因素，而医疗不信任、恐惧和文化是障碍。研究结果表明，AA 男性的健康管理行为是多方面的。医疗保健提供者应努力了解这些因素，与 AA 男性讨论这些问题，并整合以文化为导向和以患者为中心的治疗策略。本研究的结果可用于制定有针对性的干预措施，以改善 AA 男性的健康结果。
