Dionne Jean-François, Lajoie Claude, Gendron Philippe, Freiberger Eduardo, Trudeau François
Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
J Hum Kinet. 2018 Oct 15;64:137-146. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0188. eCollection 2018 Sep.
The purpose of our study was to assess physiological adaptations and measure mood outcomes following a cycling training camp in competitive athletes. Fourteen competitive athletes (8 males, 6 females) performed 2 incremental tests to exhaustion before and after a training camp. Volume and intensity (load) of the training regimen were recorded. Submaximal and maximal metabolic data were analysed, as well as economy variables (gross mechanical efficiency and cycling economy). Skeletal muscle adaptations were assessed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). For both genders (n = 14), peak power output, peak power output-W/kg ratio and peak power output-B[La] were significantly increased (p < 0.05) after the cycling training camp (p < 0.05). Significant increases occurred for gross mechanical efficiency measured at the lactate threshold (+4.9%) and at the same precamp lactate threshold power output (+2.9%). At the lactate threshold and Post Camp Lactate Threshold Power, cycling economy increased by 5.2 and 2.9%, respectively (p < 0.05). These power measurements were significantly correlated with individual fluctuations in deoxyhaemoglobin in the vastus lateralis for male cyclists only. Profile of Mood State questionnaire results showed that subcategories "Tension-Anxiety", "Confusion", "Fatigue" and "Total Global Score" significantly decreased after the training camp. Cycling training camps were associated with positive adaptations (increased cycling economy, gross mechanical efficiency and power output) as well as some mental benefits. This indicates that despite some significant physiological adaptations participants probably did not overreach during their CTC.
我们研究的目的是评估竞技运动员参加自行车训练营后的生理适应性并测量情绪结果。14名竞技运动员（8名男性，6名女性）在训练营前后进行了2次递增负荷力竭测试。记录了训练方案的量和强度（负荷）。分析了次最大和最大代谢数据以及经济性变量（总机械效率和骑行经济性）。使用近红外光谱（NIRS）评估骨骼肌适应性。对于男女运动员（n = 14），自行车训练营后峰值功率输出、峰值功率输出-体重比和峰值功率输出-血乳酸浓度均显著增加（p < 0.05）。在乳酸阈时测得的总机械效率（+4.9%）以及在训练营前相同乳酸阈功率输出时（+2.9%）均有显著增加。在乳酸阈和训练营后乳酸阈功率时，骑行经济性分别提高了5.2%和2.9%（p < 0.05）。这些功率测量值仅与男性自行车运动员股外侧肌中脱氧血红蛋白的个体波动显著相关。情绪状态剖面图问卷结果显示，训练营后“紧张-焦虑”、“困惑”、“疲劳”和“总体总分”子类别显著下降。自行车训练营与积极的适应性变化（骑行经济性、总机械效率和功率输出增加）以及一些心理益处相关。这表明尽管有一些显著的生理适应性变化，但参与者在自行车训练营期间可能并未过度训练。
