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运动系统在动作观察中的募集:mu 节律去同步化与皮质脊髓兴奋性之间无相关性。

Motor system recruitment during action observation: No correlation between mu-rhythm desynchronization and corticospinal excitability.

机构信息

The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour & Development, Western Sydney University, Penrith NSW, Australia.

Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2018 Nov 15;13(11):e0207476. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207476. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Observing others' actions desynchronizes electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms and modulates corticospinal excitability as assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, it remains unclear if these measures reflect similar neurofunctional mechanisms at the individual level. In the present study, a within-subject experiment was designed to assess these two neurophysiological indexes and to quantify their mutual correlation. Participants observed reach-to-grasp actions directed towards a small (precision grip) or a large object (power grip). We focused on two specific time points for both EEG and TMS. The first time point (t1) coincided with the maximum hand aperture, i.e. the moment at which a significant modulation of corticospinal excitability is expected. The second (t2), coincided with the EEG resynchronization occurring at the end of the action, i.e. the moment at which a hypothetic minimum for action observation effect is expected. Results showed a Mu rhythm bilateral desynchronization at t1 with differential resynchronization at t2 in the two hemispheres. Beta rhythm was more desynchronized in the left hemisphere at both time points. These EEG differences, however, were not influenced by grip type. Conversely, motor potentials evoked by TMS in an intrinsic hand muscle revealed an interaction effect of grip and time. No significant correlations between Mu/Beta rhythms and motor evoked potentials were found. These findings are discussed considering the spatial and temporal resolution of the two investigated techniques and argue over two alternative explanations: i. each technique provides different measures of the same process or ii. they describe complementary features of the action observation network in humans.

摘要

观察他人的动作会使脑电图 (EEG) 节律失步,并通过经颅磁刺激 (TMS) 调节皮质脊髓兴奋性。然而,目前尚不清楚这些测量值在个体水平上是否反映了类似的神经功能机制。在本研究中,设计了一项个体内实验来评估这两个神经生理指标,并量化它们之间的相互关系。参与者观察指向小物体(精细抓握)或大物体(力量抓握)的伸手抓握动作。我们关注 EEG 和 TMS 的两个特定时间点。第一个时间点(t1)与手的最大开口重合,即预期皮质脊髓兴奋性发生显著调制的时刻。第二个(t2)与动作结束时发生的 EEG 重新同步重合,即预期观察动作效应的最小时刻。结果表明,t1 时 Mu 节律双侧去同步化,t2 时两个半球的重新同步化存在差异。两个时间点左半球的β节律去同步化更为明显。然而,这些 EEG 差异不受握持类型的影响。相反,在手内在肌肉中诱发的 TMS 运动电位显示出握持和时间的交互效应。Mu/Beta 节律与运动诱发电位之间未发现显著相关性。这些发现考虑到两种研究技术的空间和时间分辨率进行了讨论,并提出了两种替代解释:i. 每种技术提供了同一过程的不同测量值,或 ii. 它们描述了人类观察动作网络的互补特征。

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