Crowe Charles D, Keating Christine D
Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Interface Focus. 2018 Oct 6;8(5):20180032. doi: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0032. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in biology is a recently appreciated means of intracellular compartmentalization. Because the mechanisms driving phase separations are grounded in physical interactions, they can be recreated within less complex systems consisting of only a few simple components, to serve as artificial microcompartments. Within these simple systems, the effect of compartmentalization and microenvironments upon biological reactions and processes can be studied. This review will explore several approaches to incorporating LLPS as artificial cytoplasms and in artificial cells, including both segregative and associative phase separation.
生物学中的液-液相分离（LLPS）是一种最近才被认识到的细胞内区室化方式。由于驱动相分离的机制基于物理相互作用，因此可以在仅由几个简单成分组成的较简单系统中重现，以用作人工微区室。在这些简单系统中，可以研究区室化和微环境对生物反应和过程的影响。本综述将探讨几种将LLPS纳入人工细胞质和人工细胞的方法，包括分离性和缔合性相分离。
