Cohen Rhonda, Baluch Bahman, Duffy Linda J
The London Sport Institute, London, UK.
School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2018 Oct 31;14(5):783-790. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836350.175. eCollection 2018 Oct.
Personality trait of an athlete is a significant factor in sports injury rehabilitation. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether there are differences in personality traits between male and female, professional and amateur athletes from sports representing two ends of extreme to traditional namely; drag racing and archery. Overall 189 male and female, professional and amateur drag racers (n=144) and archers (n=45) took part in this study. Participants completed the personality traits of extroversion and neuroticism as measured by Eysenck's classic Personality Inventory dimensions and thrill and adventure seeking (TAS), experience seeking (ES), disinhibition (DIS), boredom susceptibility (BS), and sensation seeking (SS) as measured by Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale. The results showed that professionals scored significantly lower on neuroticism compared to amateurs. Drag racers scored significantly higher on TAS, DIS, and SS compared to archers and there were gender differences amongst archers on TAS and SS with males scoring higher than females. Such differences in personality factors and the readiness to take risks, lack of caution, and adventurous spirit can influence the risk of injury in athletes and indeed may influence the outcome of rehabilitation. Practitioners would need to recognise difference in personality traits associated with the type of sport and the choice of interventions strategies.
运动员的人格特质是运动损伤康复中的一个重要因素。本研究的目的是调查在代表从极限运动到传统运动两端的运动项目（即飙车和射箭）中，男女运动员以及职业和业余运动员在人格特质上是否存在差异。共有189名男女运动员参与了本研究，其中包括职业和业余飙车者（n = 144）以及射箭运动员（n = 45）。参与者完成了由艾森克经典人格量表维度测量的外向性和神经质人格特质，以及由朱克曼的感觉寻求量表测量的刺激与冒险寻求（TAS）、经验寻求（ES）、去抑制（DIS）、无聊易感性（BS）和感觉寻求（SS）。结果显示，与业余运动员相比，职业运动员的神经质得分显著更低。与射箭运动员相比，飙车者在TAS、DIS和SS上的得分显著更高，并且在射箭运动员中，TAS和SS存在性别差异，男性得分高于女性。人格因素以及冒险意愿、缺乏谨慎和冒险精神方面的此类差异会影响运动员受伤的风险，实际上也可能影响康复结果。从业者需要认识到与运动类型相关的人格特质差异以及干预策略的选择。
