Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia.
Evol Anthropol. 2018 Nov;27(6):267-284. doi: 10.1002/evan.21747. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
Anthropologists have a long history of applying concepts from evolutionary biology to cultural evolution. Evolutionary biologists, however, have been slow to turn to anthropology for insights about evolution. Recently, evolutionary biology has been engaged in a debate over the need to revise evolutionary theory to account for developments made in 60 years since the Modern Synthesis, the standard evolutionary paradigm, was framed. Revision proponents maintain these developments challenge central tenets of standard theory that can only be accounted for in an extended evolutionary synthesis (EES). Anthropology has much to offer to this debate. One important transition in human cultural evolution, the domestication of plants and animals, provides an ideal model system assessing core EES assumptions about directionality, causality, targets of selection, modes of inheritance, and pace of evolution. In so doing, anthropologists contribute to an overarching framework that brings together cultural and biological evolution.
人类学家长期以来一直将进化生物学的概念应用于文化进化。然而，进化生物学家在寻求关于进化的见解时，一直迟迟没有转向人类学。最近，进化生物学界一直在争论是否需要修改进化理论，以解释自现代综合理论（标准进化范式）提出以来 60 年来的发展。修订派认为，这些发展挑战了标准理论的核心原则，而这些原则只能在扩展的进化综合（EES）中得到解释。人类学在这场辩论中有很多可以提供的。人类文化进化中的一个重要转变，即动植物的驯化，为评估关于方向性、因果关系、选择目标、遗传模式和进化速度的核心 EES 假设提供了一个理想的模型系统。通过这样做，人类学家为一个将文化和生物进化结合在一起的总体框架做出了贡献。
