School of Biology, Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TF, United Kingdom.
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Nov 26;121(48):e2322874121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2322874121. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Quantitative studies of cultural evolution and gene-culture coevolution (henceforth "CE" and "GCC") emerged in the 1970s, in the aftermath of the "race and intelligence quotient (IQ)" and "human sociobiology" debates, as a counter to extreme hereditarian positions. These studies incorporated cultural transmission and its interaction with genetics in contributing to patterns of human variation. Neither CE nor GCC results were consistent with racist claims of ubiquitous genetic differences between socially defined races. We summarize how genetic data refute the notion of racial substructure for human populations and address naive interpretations of race across the biological sciences, including those related to ancestry, health, and intelligence, that help to perpetuate racist ideas. A GCC perspective can refute reductionist and determinist claims while providing a more inclusive multidisciplinary framework in which to interpret human variation.
文化进化和基因-文化协同进化的定量研究（以下简称“CE”和“GCC”）于 20 世纪 70 年代出现，是对“种族和智商（IQ）”和“人类社会生物学”辩论中极端遗传主义立场的回应。这些研究将文化传播及其与遗传学的相互作用纳入其中，以解释人类变异的模式。CE 和 GCC 的结果都与种族之间存在普遍遗传差异的种族主义主张不一致。我们总结了遗传数据如何反驳人类群体存在种族亚结构的观点，并讨论了在包括与祖先、健康和智力有关的生物学科学中对种族的幼稚解释，这些解释有助于延续种族主义思想。GCC 观点可以反驳还原论和决定论的主张，同时提供一个更具包容性的多学科框架，以解释人类变异。
