Interdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
PLoS One. 2018 Nov 16;13(11):e0207727. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207727. eCollection 2018.
Microbial source tracking using host-specific microbial genetic markers is considered a promising approach to determine fecal contamination sources of aquatic environments. This study aimed to assess the application of previously developed host-specific Bacteroidales quantitative PCR assays to microbial source tracking of river water samples in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. Various types of fecal-source samples, such as raw sewage, secondary-treated sewage of a wastewater treatment plant, and cattle feces, were used for three human-, two ruminant- and two pig-specific Bacteroidales quantitative PCR assays. Our results demonstrated that BacHum, BacR and Pig2Bac assays as suitable human-, ruminant- and pig-specific assays, with an accuracy of 86%, 94% and 77%, respectively. These selected assays were used for microbial source tracking of 63 river water samples collected at nine sites in two river basins. From these sites, there were 48 (76%), 34 (54%) and 9 (14%) positive samples using the BacHum, BacR and Pig2Bac assays, respectively. These assays revealed the effects of humans and animals on fecal contamination of river water.
利用宿主特异性微生物遗传标记进行微生物溯源被认为是确定水生环境粪便污染来源的一种很有前途的方法。本研究旨在评估先前开发的宿主特异性 Bacteroidales 定量 PCR 检测方法在日本山梨县河水样本微生物溯源中的应用。本研究使用了各种粪便源样本，如未经处理的污水、污水处理厂的二级处理污水和牛粪便，用于三种人源、两种反刍动物源和两种猪源 Bacteroidales 定量 PCR 检测。我们的结果表明，BacHum、BacR 和 Pig2Bac 检测方法分别作为合适的人源、反刍动物源和猪源特异性检测方法，其准确性分别为 86%、94%和 77%。这些选定的检测方法用于对从两个流域的九个地点采集的 63 个河水样本进行微生物溯源。从这些地点中，BacHum、BacR 和 Pig2Bac 检测方法的阳性样本分别为 48（76%）、34（54%）和 9（14%）。这些检测方法揭示了人类和动物对河水粪便污染的影响。
