Damien Juliette, Adam Olivier, Cazau Dorian, White Paul, Laitman Jeffrey T, Reidenberg Joy S
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR), University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7190, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, F-75005, Paris, France.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2019 May;302(5):703-717. doi: 10.1002/ar.24034. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Many Mysticetes (baleen whales) are acoustically active marine mammals. This is epitomized by rorquals, and specifically male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) whose complex songs comprise a wide range of vocalizations. The sound production mechanism of odontocetes (toothed whales, including dolphins and porpoises) is well described, in contrast to that of mysticetes whose vocalization mechanism remains a subject of active scientific investigation. Anatomical observations and acoustic signal processing have led to divergent hypotheses under the framework of a production-based approach. We attempt to unify these hypotheses by broadening existing data with our new anatomical investigation, interpreted in light of known acoustical properties of mysticete vocalizations. We examined 15 specimens of four rorqual species: sei whale (Baleanoptera borealis), fin whale (Baleanoptera physalus), minke whale (Baleanoptera acutorostrata), and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Based on these data and on previous literature, we propose a description of three functional positions (rest, breathing, and recirculation), unidirectional egressive airflow for sound production (from lungs to laryngeal sac), and new nomenclature for different parts of the U-fold (distal section, midsection, and corniculate flaps). Each of these sections has specific morphological and acoustical properties that support the concept of "mode variation" in baleen whale vocalizations. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 302:703-717, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
许多须鲸（滤食性鲸类）都是活跃的海洋声学哺乳动物。这在须鲸科中表现得尤为明显，特别是雄性座头鲸（大翅鲸），其复杂的歌声包含了广泛的发声。与发声机制仍在积极科学研究中的须鲸不同，齿鲸（包括海豚和鼠海豚等有齿鲸类）的发声机制已得到充分描述。在基于发声的方法框架下，解剖学观察和声学信号处理导致了不同的假说。我们试图通过新的解剖学研究扩展现有数据，并结合须鲸发声的已知声学特性来统一这些假说。我们检查了四种须鲸科物种的15个标本：塞鲸（北须鲸）、长须鲸（长须鲸）、小须鲸（小须鲸）和座头鲸（大翅鲸）。基于这些数据和以往文献，我们提出了三个功能位置（休息、呼吸和再循环）的描述、用于发声的单向呼出气流（从肺部到喉囊）以及U形褶皱不同部分的新命名（远端部分、中间部分和小角状瓣）。这些部分中的每一个都具有特定的形态和声学特性，支持了须鲸发声中“模式变化”的概念。《解剖学记录》，2018年。©2018威利期刊公司。《解剖学记录》，302:703 - 717，2019年。©2018威利期刊公司。
