State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China.
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 1;654:643-650. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.154. Epub 2018 Nov 11.
Microbial symbiosis is essential for the normal development and growth of hosts. Past attention has mostly been paid to its effects on plants and vertebrates. The effects of environmental pressures such as antibiotics on the microbiome of soil fauna remain largely elusive. We used bacterial 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing to examine the response of microbiome of soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus to oral tetracycline exposure. After two-week exposure, tetracycline-free oat was used as food to monitor the restoration of E. crypticus microbiome. The results showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes were the three dominant phyla in all samples, Rhizobiaceae and Kaistia were the most abundant family and genus in all samples, respectively. After 14 days tetracycline exposure, Planctomycetes declined dramatically from 33.05% to 3.28% (P = 0.016), but Actinobacteria elevated substantially from 2.47% to 23.65% (P = 0.004). The alpha-diversity of microbial community increased significantly after tetracycline exposure compared to the control (P = 0.014). Terminating tetracycline exposure led to the recovery of E. crypticus microbiome back to the background level within 14 days. Our results suggest that while tetracycline can disturb the microbiome in E. crypticus significantly, the effects of the antibiotic on E. crypticus microbiome may not be permanent but reversibly diminish after stopping exposure for a period of time. The results may contribute to extending our understanding of the effect of antibiotics on microbiome of soil invertebrates. CAPSULE: The microbiome of E. crypticus exposed to tetracycline is perturbed and reversibly restored after terminating the exposure.
微生物共生对于宿主的正常发育和生长至关重要。过去的研究主要集中在它对植物和脊椎动物的影响上。抗生素等环境压力对土壤无脊椎动物微生物组的影响在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。我们使用细菌 16S rRNA 基因高通量测序来研究土壤无脊椎动物秀丽隐杆线虫的微生物组对口服四环素暴露的反应。在两周的暴露后，我们用不含四环素的燕麦作为食物来监测秀丽隐杆线虫微生物组的恢复情况。结果表明，在所有样本中，变形菌门、放线菌门和浮霉菌门是三个主要的门，根瘤菌科和卡氏菌科是所有样本中最丰富的科和属。经过 14 天的四环素暴露后，浮霉菌门从 33.05%急剧下降到 3.28%（P=0.016），而放线菌门则从 2.47%大幅上升到 23.65%（P=0.004）。与对照组相比，四环素暴露后微生物群落的 alpha 多样性显著增加（P=0.014）。停止四环素暴露后，秀丽隐杆线虫的微生物组在 14 天内恢复到背景水平。我们的研究结果表明，虽然四环素可以显著扰乱秀丽隐杆线虫的微生物组，但抗生素对秀丽隐杆线虫微生物组的影响可能不是永久性的，而是在停止暴露一段时间后会可逆地减少。研究结果可能有助于扩展我们对抗生素对土壤无脊椎动物微生物组影响的理解。
