State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
State Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar;169:185-191. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.002.
The bulk depositions of trace metals to three land uses in the Yangtze River Delta are investigated based on the collected 154 precipitation samples from August 2015 to May 2017. The volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 13.28, 5.32, 13.02, 0.33, and 10.53 μg L, and 12%, 16%, 3%, 11%, and 26% of precipitation events exceeded the limits in the Central Drinking-Water Source Area (GB3838-2002), respectively. Furthermore, the five metals varied significantly under urban, industrial, and rural land use conditions, indicating that these metal concentrations were greatly determined by local sources; lower concentrations were found in sea and local air masses than in air masses from inland trajectories. Combining the precipitation amounts, the bulk deposition fluxes of the five metals were 25.99, 25.47, 20.60, 10.40, 0.64 mg m yr. By comparing the metal deposition fluxes in 98 studies across China, Ni and Pb deposition in the Yangtze River Delta was higher, while that of Cd and Zn was lower than their respective averages across China, indicating that Ni and Pb pollution should receive more attention in the study area. CAPSULE: Bulk/wet deposition fluxes of trace metals varied greatly among rural, industrial, and urban areas, and Pb and Ni showed severe pollution levels in the Yangtze River Delta.
本研究采集了 2015 年 8 月至 2017 年 5 月期间的 154 个降水样本，调查了长三角地区三种土地利用类型对痕量金属的批量沉积。镍、铜、锌、镉和铅的体积加权平均值（VWM）浓度分别为 13.28、5.32、13.02、0.33 和 10.53μg/L，12%、16%、3%、11%和 26%的降水事件超过了《集中式生活饮用水水源地（GB3838-2002）》的限值。此外，五种金属在城市、工业和农村土地利用条件下变化显著，表明这些金属浓度受当地来源的影响较大；与内陆轨迹的大气团相比，海气团和当地气团中的浓度较低。结合降水量，五种金属的批量沉积通量分别为 25.99、25.47、20.60、10.40 和 0.64mg/m yr。通过比较中国 98 项研究中的金属沉积通量，长三角地区的镍和铅沉积较高，而镉和锌的沉积则低于中国的平均值，表明在研究区域应更加关注镍和铅的污染问题。
注：文中 VWM 指体积加权平均值；mg/m yr 指毫克/平方米/年。
