a School of Sport Science, Exercise & Health , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , Western Australia , Australia.
b Singapore Sport Institute , Sport Singapore , Singapore.
J Sports Sci. 2019 May;37(10):1123-1128. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1545276. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Increasing knee stability via appropriate muscle activation could reduce anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk during unplanned sidestepping. High-level athletes may activate their knee muscles differently from low-level athletes when responding to quasi-game realistic versus non game-realistic stimuli. Eleven high-level and 10 low-level soccer players responded to a non game-realistic arrow-planned condition (AP), a quasi game-realistic one-defender scenario (1DS) and two-defender scenario (2DS), and an arrow-unplanned condition (AUNP), that imposed increasing time constraints to sidestep. Activation from eight knee muscles during sidestepping was measured during pre-contact and weight-acceptance. Knee flexor-extensor co-activation ratios were established. Muscle activation levels increased by approximately 27% solely in the 1DS in both sidestepping phases. In the 2DS, the shift from a flexor dominant co-activation strategy in pre-contact toward extensor dominance in weight-acceptance commenced earlier for the high-level players. Quasi game-realistic information allowed for anticipatory increases in knee muscle activation regardless of expertise levels but only when the time demands to respond were low (1DS). High-level players were better at interpreting complex game-realistic information (2DS) to activate their knee extensors earlier in preparation for single-leg landing during weight-acceptance.
通过适当的肌肉激活来增加膝关节稳定性，可以降低非计划性横向移步时前交叉韧带（ACL）受伤的风险。高水平运动员在应对近乎游戏真实的刺激与非游戏真实的刺激时，可能会以不同于低水平运动员的方式激活他们的膝关节肌肉。11 名高水平足球运动员和 10 名低水平足球运动员分别对非游戏真实的箭头计划条件（AP）、一个防守球员场景（1DS）和两个防守球员场景（2DS）以及箭头非计划条件（AUNP）做出反应，这些条件对横向移步施加了越来越高的时间限制。在预接触和承重阶段测量了横向移步时 8 个膝关节肌肉的激活情况。建立了膝关节屈伸肌共同激活比。仅在 1DS 中，两个横向移步阶段的肌肉激活水平分别增加了约 27%。在 2DS 中，高水平运动员的预接触阶段从屈肌主导的共同激活策略向承重阶段的伸肌主导转变更早开始。无论专业水平如何，近乎游戏真实的信息都允许膝关节肌肉提前进行预期的激活，但前提是响应的时间要求较低（1DS）。高水平运动员更善于解读复杂的游戏真实信息（2DS），以便在承重阶段提前激活伸肌，为单腿落地做准备。
