Di Blasio Paola, Camisasca Elena, Miragoli Sarah
CRIdee, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2018 Nov 2;9:2103. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02103. eCollection 2018.
In the literature, increasing evidence is showing the importance of sleep difficulties in the development or maintenance of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms as well as the association between childbirth-related PTS symptoms and early maternal emotions and perceptions of their children. However, little is known regarding the effects of maternal sleep difficulties on parenting or about the mediational role of childbirth-related PTS symptoms in this association. The present study (pregnancy: T0; 1 month postpartum: T1; 3 months postpartum: T2) had two aims. The first one was to explore whether maternal sleep difficulties could contribute to the maintenance of PTS symptoms and whether PTS symptoms could contribute to the maintenance of maternal sleep difficulties. The second purpose was to explore, at 3 months (T2), the associations among childbirth-related PTS symptoms, maternal sleep difficulties, and the three dimensions of parenting stress [parental distress (PD), parent-child dysfunctional interaction, and difficult child] by examining the mediational role of both maternal sleep difficulties and childbirth-related PTS symptoms. Self-report questionnaires were administered to 95 women at different times (T0, T1, and T2). Mediational results confirmed the bidirectional effects between maternal sleep difficulties and PTS symptoms and their reciprocal role of maintenance of symptoms. Moreover, at 3 months postpartum (T2), sleep difficulties mediated the association between PTS symptoms and the three dimensions of maternal parenting stress, while PTS symptoms mediated the associations among maternal sleep difficulties, PD, and difficult child dimensions of parenting stress. The study contributes to the understanding of the maintenance factors of childbirth-related PTS symptoms and of the relationships among PTS symptoms, maternal sleep difficulties, and parenting stress.
在文献中，越来越多的证据表明睡眠困难在创伤后应激（PTS）症状的发展或维持中具有重要性，以及与分娩相关的PTS症状与早期母亲情绪及其对孩子的认知之间的关联。然而，关于母亲睡眠困难对养育子女的影响，或者分娩相关PTS症状在这种关联中的中介作用，人们知之甚少。本研究（孕期：T0；产后1个月：T1；产后3个月：T2）有两个目标。第一个目标是探讨母亲睡眠困难是否会导致PTS症状的维持，以及PTS症状是否会导致母亲睡眠困难的维持。第二个目的是在3个月（T2）时，通过检验母亲睡眠困难和分娩相关PTS症状的中介作用，探讨分娩相关PTS症状、母亲睡眠困难和养育压力的三个维度[父母困扰（PD）、亲子功能失调互动和难养型儿童]之间的关联。在不同时间（T0、T1和T2）对95名女性进行了自我报告问卷调查。中介结果证实了母亲睡眠困难与PTS症状之间的双向影响以及它们在症状维持中的相互作用。此外，在产后3个月（T2）时，睡眠困难介导了PTS症状与母亲养育压力三个维度之间的关联，而PTS症状介导了母亲睡眠困难、PD和养育压力的难养型儿童维度之间的关联。该研究有助于理解与分娩相关的PTS症状的维持因素，以及PTS症状、母亲睡眠困难和养育压力之间的关系。
