Slavkin H C
University of Southern California, School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Los Angeles 90089-0191.
J Dent Res. 1988 Sep;67(9):1142-9. doi: 10.1177/00220345880670090101.
The regulatory processes associated with tooth formation are being investigated by the identification of when, where, and how cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), substrate adhesion molecules (SAMs), dentin phosphoprotein, enamel gene products, and intermediate cementum products are expressed during sequential developmental stages of morphogenesis, cytodifferentiation, dentin, enamel and cementum extracellular matrix (ECM) formation, and biomineralization. Instructive and permissive signaling is required for both morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation based upon in vitro organotypic culture studies in serumless, chemically-defined medium. Intrinsic developmental instructions, independent of exogenous growth factors, mediate tooth morphogenesis from the initiation of the dental lamina through crown and initial root development. Recent progress using recombinant DNA methods has advanced descriptions of several dental structural genes. The complete nucleic acid sequence for mouse amelogenin has been defined. This sequence is located on the mouse X chromosome and on the human X and Y chromosomes. This discussion summarizes recent results using experimental embryology, recombinant DNA technology, and immunocytology in the context of instructive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions associated with epithelial differentiation into ameloblasts, ectomesenchyme differentiation into odontoblasts, and dentin and enamel ECM biomineralization. The tooth organ provides opportunities at several levels of biological organization to investigate cellular, molecular, and developmental processes.
通过确定细胞黏附分子（CAMs）、底物黏附分子（SAMs）、牙本质磷蛋白、釉质基因产物和中间牙骨质产物在形态发生、细胞分化、牙本质、釉质和牙骨质细胞外基质（ECM）形成以及生物矿化的连续发育阶段中何时、何地以及如何表达，正在对与牙齿形成相关的调节过程进行研究。基于在无血清、化学成分明确的培养基中进行的体外器官型培养研究，形态发生和细胞分化都需要诱导性和允许性信号。内在的发育指令独立于外源性生长因子，介导从牙板起始到牙冠和初始牙根发育的牙齿形态发生。使用重组DNA方法的最新进展推进了对几种牙齿结构基因的描述。小鼠釉原蛋白的完整核酸序列已被确定。该序列位于小鼠X染色体以及人类X和Y染色体上。本讨论总结了在与上皮分化为成釉细胞、外胚间充质分化为成牙本质细胞以及牙本质和釉质ECM生物矿化相关的诱导性上皮-间充质相互作用的背景下，使用实验胚胎学、重组DNA技术和免疫细胞学的最新结果。牙齿器官在生物组织的几个层面上提供了研究细胞、分子和发育过程的机会。
