Liu S Z, Guo L W, Cao X Q, Chen Q, Zhang S K, Zhang M, Yu D, Quan P L, Sun X B, Chen W Q
Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China; Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union College, Beijing 100021, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Oct 10;39(10):1346-1350. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.10.011.
To estimate the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer in China in 2014, based on the cancer registration data. Data was collected through the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). All together, 449 cancer registries submitted required data on incidence and deaths of kidney cancer occurred in 2014, to the NCCR. After evaluation on the quality of data,339 registries were accepted for analysis and stratified by areas (urban/rural) and age groups. Combined with data from the National population in 2014, the nationwide incidence and mortality of kidney cancer were estimated. Data from the 2000 National census was used, and with Segi's population used for the rates of age-standardized incidence/mortality. The qualified 339 cancer registries covered a total population of 288 243 347, with 144 061 915 in urban and 144 181 432 in rural areas. The percentage of morphologically verified cases and cases with only available death certificates were 72.70% and 1.27%, respectively. The mortality to incidence ratio was 0.37. The estimates of new cases were around 68 300 in whole China, in 2014, with a crude incidence rate as 4.99/100 000 (95: 4.95/100 000-5.03/100 000). The age-standardized incidence rates of kidney cancer, estimated by China standard population (ASR China) and world standard population (ASR world) were 3.43/100 000 (95: 3.40/100 000-3.46/100 000) and 3.40/100 000 (95: 3.37/100 000- 3.43/100 000), respectively. The cumulative incidence rate of kidney cancer was 0.40% in China. The crude and ASR China incidence rates for males appeared as 6.09/100 000 (6.03/100 000-6.15/100 000) and 4.32/100 000 (4.28/100 000-4.36/100 000), respectively, whereas those were 3.84/100 000 (3.79/100 000-3.89/100 000) and 2.54/100 000 (2.50/100 000-2.58/100 000) for females. The crude and ASR China incidence rates in urban areas appeared as 6.60/100 000 (95: 6.54/100 000-6.66/100 000) and 4.25/100 000 (95: 4.21/100 000-4.29/100 000), respectively, whereas those were 3.05/100 000 (95: 3.01/100 000-3.09/100 000) and 2.29/100 000 (95: 2.25/100 000-2.33/100 000) in rural areas. The estimates of kidney cancer deaths were around 25 600 in the country, in 2014, with a crude mortality rate of 1.87/100 000 (95: 1.85/100 000-1.89/100 000). The ASR China and ASR world mortality rates appeared as 1.16/100 000 (95: 1.14/100 000-1.18/100 000) and 1.16/100 000(95: 1.14/100 000-1.18/100 000), respectively, with a cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) of 0.12%. The crude and ASR China mortality rates were 2.31/100 000 (95: 2.27/100 000- 2.35/100 000) and 1.52/100 000 (95: 1.50/100 000-1.54/100 000) for males, respectively, whereas those were 1.41/100 000 (95: 1.38/100 000-1.44/100 000) and 0.81/100 000 (95: 0.79/100 000- 0.83/100 000) for females. The crude and ASR China mortality rates were 2.49/100 000 (95: 2.45/100 000-2.53/100 000) and 1.42/100 000 (95: 1.40/100 000-1.44/100 000) in urban areas, respectively, whereas those were 1.12/100 000 (95: 1.09/100 000-1.15/100 000) and 0.78/100 000 (95: 0.76/100 000-0.80/100 000) in the rural areas. Both the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer seemed low, in China. However, the incidence of kidney cancer had greatly increased. Our findings suggested that prevention and control strategies for kidney cancer should be focused on males in the urban areas.
基于癌症登记数据估算2014年中国肾癌的发病率和死亡率。数据通过国家癌症中心（NCCR）收集。共有449个癌症登记处向NCCR提交了2014年肾癌发病和死亡的所需数据。在对数据质量进行评估后，339个登记处被纳入分析，并按地区（城市/农村）和年龄组进行分层。结合2014年全国人口数据，估算了全国肾癌的发病率和死亡率。使用了2000年全国人口普查数据，并采用Segi人口计算年龄标准化发病率/死亡率。合格的339个癌症登记处覆盖总人口288243347人，其中城市人口144061915人，农村人口144181432人。形态学确诊病例和仅有死亡证明病例的比例分别为72.70%和1.27%。死亡率与发病率之比为0.37。2014年全国肾癌新发病例估计约为68300例，粗发病率为4.99/10万（95%：4.95/10万 - 5.03/10万）。采用中国标准人口（ASR China）和世界标准人口（ASR world）估算的肾癌年龄标准化发病率分别为3.43/10万（95%：3.40/10万 - 3.46/10万）和3.40/10万（95%：3.37/10万 - 3.43/10万）。中国肾癌累积发病率为0.40%。男性的粗发病率和ASR China发病率分别为6.09/10万（6.03/10万 - 6.15/10万）和4.32/10万（4.28/10万 - 4.36/10万），而女性分别为3.84/10万（3.79/10万 - 3.89/10万）和2.54/10万（2.50/10万 - 2.58/10万）。城市地区的粗发病率和ASR China发病率分别为6.60/10万（95%：6.54/10万 - 6.66/10万）和4.25/10万（95%：4.21/10万 - 4.29/10万），而农村地区分别为3.05/10万（95%：3.01/10万 - 3.09/10万）和2.29/10万（95%：2.25/10万 - 2.33/10万）。2014年全国肾癌死亡估计约为25600例，粗死亡率为1.87/10万（95%：1.85/10万 - 1.89/10万）。ASR China和ASR world死亡率分别为1.16/10万（95%：1.14/10万 - 1.18/10万）和1.16/10万（95%：1.14/10万 - 1.18/10万），累积死亡率（0 - 74岁）为0.12%。男性的粗死亡率和ASR China死亡率分别为2.31/10万（95%：2.27/10万 - 2.35/10万）和1.52/10万（95%：1.50/10万 - 1.54/10万），而女性分别为1.41/10万（95%：1.38/10万 - 1.44/10万）和0.81/10万（95%：0.79/10万 - 0.83/10万）。城市地区的粗死亡率和ASR China死亡率分别为2.49/10万（95%：2.45/10万 - 2.53/10万）和1.42/10万（95%：1.40/10万 - 1.44/10万），而农村地区分别为1.12/10万（95%：1.09/10万 - 1.15/10万）和0.78/10万（95%：0.76/10万 - 0.80/10万）。在中国，肾癌的发病率和死亡率似乎都较低。然而，肾癌的发病率已大幅上升。我们的研究结果表明，肾癌的预防和控制策略应侧重于城市地区的男性。
