Schaedler Thais, Santos Jefferson Souza, Vincenzi Roberta Almeida, Pereira Sofia Isabel Ribeiro, Louzada Fernando Mazzilli
Federal University of Paraná, Department of Physiology - Curitiba - Paraná - Brasil.
Sleep Sci. 2018 May-Jun;11(3):152-159. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20180029.
This study aimed to evaluate if a partial morning or evening sleep restriction protocol could affect executive functioning in healthy young adults.
Participants were assigned to one of three groups: control (n=18), in which participants maintained their habitual sleep/wake cycle; morning restriction (n=17), in which volunteers terminated sleep approximately three hours earlier than the usual on the experimental night, and evening restriction (n=13), in which volunteers initiated sleep approximately three hours later than the usual on the experimental night. On the day of the experiment, they performed the Stroop Test, the Go-NoGo Test and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT).
When compared to the control group, neither morning nor evening sleep-restricted individuals displayed any significant deficits in: a) selective attention as assessed by the interference index (H=3.38; =0.18) and time to performed the interference card (H=2.61; =0.27) on the Stroop test; b) motor response inhibition as assessed by number of false alarms (H=0.8; =0.67) on the Go-NoGo Test; and c) in decision-making as assessed by total won (H=2.64; =0.26) and number of selected advantageous cards (H=4.43; =0.11) on the IGT.
These findings suggest that the ability to pay attention, inhibit a motor response and make decisions is preserved following approximately 3 hours of sleep restriction, regardless of its timing (in the morning or in the evening).
本研究旨在评估部分早晨或晚上睡眠限制方案是否会影响健康年轻成年人的执行功能。
参与者被分配到三组中的一组：对照组（n = 18），参与者维持其习惯的睡眠/觉醒周期；早晨限制组（n = 17），志愿者在实验当晚比平时提前约三小时结束睡眠；晚上限制组（n = 13），志愿者在实验当晚比平时推迟约三小时开始睡眠。在实验当天，他们进行了斯特鲁普测试、停止信号测试和爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）。
与对照组相比，早晨和晚上睡眠受限的个体在以下方面均未表现出任何显著缺陷：a）在斯特鲁普测试中，通过干扰指数（H = 3.38；P = 0.18）和执行干扰卡片的时间（H = 2.61；P = 0.27）评估的选择性注意力；b）在停止信号测试中，通过误报次数（H = 0.8；P = 0.67）评估的运动反应抑制；c）在IGT中，通过总赢钱数（H = 2.64；P = 0.26）和选择的有利卡片数量（H = 4.43；P = 0.11）评估的决策能力。
这些发现表明，在大约3小时的睡眠限制后，无论时间是在早晨还是晚上，注意力、抑制运动反应和决策的能力都能得以保留。
