Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8100, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, 63110, MO, USA.
Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2019 Feb;174(1):249-255. doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-5062-x. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Although diet is associated with breast cancer risk, there are limited studies linking adult diet, including milk intake, with mammographic density. Here, we investigate the association of milk intake with mammographic density in premenopausal women.
We analyzed data from 375 cancer-free premenopausal women who had routine screening mammography at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri in 2016. We used Volpara to measure volumetric percent density, dense volume, and non-dense volume. We collected information on recent milk intake (past 12 months), and categorized skim milk and low/reduced-fat milk intake into 4 groups: < 1/week, 1/week, 2-6 times/week, ≥ 1/day, while whole and soy milk intake were categorized into 2 groups: < 1/week, ≥ 1/week. We used multivariable linear regression model to evaluate the associations of milk intake and log-transformed volumetric percent density, dense volume, and non-dense volume.
In multivariable analyses, volumetric percent density was 20% (p-value = 0.003) lower in the 1/week group, 14% (p-value = 0.047) lower in the 2-6/week group, and 12% (p-value = 0.144) lower in the ≥ 1/day group (p-trend = 0.011) compared with women who consumed low/reduced-fat milk < 1/week. Attenuated and non-significant associations were observed for low/reduced-fat milk intake and dense volume. There were no associations of whole, skim, and soy milk intake with volumetric percent density and dense volume.
Recent low/reduced-fat milk intake was inversely associated with volumetric percent density in premenopausal women. Studies on childhood and adolescent milk intake and adult mammographic density in premenopausal women are needed.
乳腺密度是乳腺癌的一个重要危险因素。尽管饮食与乳腺癌风险有关，但将成人饮食（包括牛奶摄入量）与乳腺密度联系起来的研究有限。在这里，我们研究了绝经前妇女牛奶摄入量与乳腺密度之间的关系。
我们分析了 2016 年在密苏里州圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院接受常规筛查乳房 X 光检查的 375 名无癌症的绝经前妇女的数据。我们使用 Volpara 来测量体积百分比密度、致密体积和非致密体积。我们收集了最近牛奶摄入量（过去 12 个月）的信息，并将脱脂牛奶和低脂/低脂肪牛奶摄入量分为 4 组：<1/周、1/周、2-6 次/周、≥1/天，而全脂和豆奶摄入量分为 2 组：<1/周、≥1/周。我们使用多变量线性回归模型来评估牛奶摄入量与体积百分比密度、致密体积和非致密体积的对数变换之间的关系。
在多变量分析中，与每周低/低脂牛奶摄入量<1 次的妇女相比，每周 1 次组的体积百分比密度低 20%（p 值=0.003），每周 2-6 次组低 14%（p 值=0.047），每天≥1 次组低 12%（p 值=0.144）（p 趋势=0.011）。对于低/低脂牛奶摄入量与致密体积，观察到减弱且无统计学意义的关联。全脂、脱脂和豆奶的摄入量与体积百分比密度和致密体积均无关联。
最近低/低脂牛奶的摄入量与绝经前妇女的体积百分比密度呈负相关。需要对儿童和青少年时期的牛奶摄入量和绝经前妇女的成人乳腺密度进行研究。
