Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Intensive Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Exp Gerontol. 2019 Mar;117:76-90. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.11.012. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed in in vivo, and accumulate in tissues and body fluids during ageing. Endogenous AGE-modified proteins show altered structure and function, and may interact with receptor for AGEs (RAGE) resulting in production of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory, atherogenic and diabetogenic responses. AGEs are also formed in thermally processed foods. Studies in rodents document that dietary AGEs are partially absorbed into circulation, and accumulate in different tissues. Knowledge on the health effects of high dietary intake of AGEs is incomplete and contradictory. In this overview we discuss the data from experimental and clinical studies, either those supporting the assumption that restriction of dietary AGEs associated with health benefits, or data suggesting that dietary intake of AGEs associates with positive health outcomes. We polemicize whether the effects of exaggerated intake or restriction of highly thermally processed foods might be straightforward interpreted as the effects of AGEs-rich vs. AGEs-restricted diets. We also underline the lack of studies, and thus a poor knowledge, on the effects of different single chemically defined AGEs administration, concurrent intake of different dietary AGEs, of load with dietary AGEs corresponding to the habitual diet in humans, and on those of dietary AGEs in vulnerable populations, such as infants and particularly elderly.
糖基化终产物（AGEs）在体内形成，并在衰老过程中在组织和体液中积累。内源性 AGE 修饰蛋白的结构和功能发生改变，可能与 AGE 受体（RAGE）相互作用，导致活性氧物质、炎症、动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病发生。AGEs 也在热加工食品中形成。啮齿动物的研究表明，膳食 AGEs 部分被吸收到循环中，并在不同组织中积累。关于高膳食 AGE 摄入对健康影响的知识尚不完全且存在矛盾。在本综述中，我们讨论了来自实验和临床研究的数据，这些数据要么支持限制与健康益处相关的膳食 AGEs 假设，要么表明膳食 AGE 摄入与健康结果呈正相关。我们对是否可以将高摄入量或限制高度热加工食品的影响简单地解释为富含 AGEs 与限制 AGEs 饮食的影响进行了争论。我们还强调了缺乏关于不同单一化学定义的 AGEs 给药、不同膳食 AGEs 的同时摄入、与人类习惯性饮食相对应的膳食 AGEs 负荷以及在易受影响人群（如婴儿和特别是老年人）中膳食 AGEs 的作用的研究，因此知识有限。
