Bläsing Bettina E, Sauzet Odile
Neurocognition and Action - Biomechanics Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Center of Excellence Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2018 Oct 16;9:1909. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01909. eCollection 2018.
Previous research has shown that motor experience of an action can facilitate the visual recognition of that action, even in the absence of visual experience. We conducted an experiment in which participants were presented point-light displays of dance-like actions that had been recorded with the same group of participants during a previous session. The stimuli had been produced with the participant in such a way that each participant experienced a subset of phrases only as observer, learnt two phrases from observation, and created one phrase while blindfolded. The clips presented in the recognition task showed movements that were either unfamiliar, only visually familiar, familiar from observational learning and execution, or self-created while blind-folded (and hence not visually familiar). Participants assigned all types of movements correctly to the respective categories, showing that all three ways of experiencing the movement (observed, learnt through observation and practice, and created blindfolded) resulted in an encoding that was adequate for recognition. Observed movements showed the lowest level of recognition accuracy, whereas the accuracy of assigning blindfolded self-created movements was on the same level as for unfamiliar and learnt movements. Self-recognition was modulated by action recognition, as participants were more likely to identify themselves as the actor in clips they had assigned to the category "created" than in clips they had assigned to the category "learnt," supporting the idea of an influence of agency on self-recognition.
先前的研究表明，即使在没有视觉体验的情况下，动作的运动体验也能促进对该动作的视觉识别。我们进行了一项实验，让参与者观看在前一次实验中由同一组参与者录制的类似舞蹈动作的点光显示。刺激的产生方式是，每个参与者仅作为观察者体验一部分动作短语，通过观察学习两个动作短语，并在蒙眼的情况下创造一个动作短语。识别任务中呈现的视频片段展示的动作要么是不熟悉的，要么只是视觉上熟悉的，要么是通过观察学习和执行而熟悉的，要么是蒙眼时自己创造的（因此视觉上不熟悉）。参与者将所有类型的动作正确地归类到各自的类别中，这表明体验动作的所有三种方式（观察、通过观察和练习学习、蒙眼创造）都产生了足以进行识别的编码。观察到的动作识别准确率最低，而蒙眼自我创造动作的归类准确率与不熟悉和学习到的动作相同。自我识别受到动作识别的调节，因为参与者在将视频片段归类为“创造”类别的情况下比在归类为“学习”类别的情况下更有可能将自己识别为动作执行者，这支持了能动性对自我识别有影响的观点。
