Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agricultural, Shibin El-Kom, Menoufia University, Egypt.
Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2019 Feb;135:480-488. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.012. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
The aim of this study was to assess some physiological parameters and anatomical changes in two wheat plant cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Sakha 93 and Sids 9) in response to irrigation with magnetized water under two levels of drought stress (field capacity (FC) of 75% and 50%) and the control (FC 100%) in two consecutive winter growing seasons (November 20 to May 5 2014/2015 and 2015/2016). Pot experiments were carried out in a greenhouse in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt. A water deficit, particularly at 50% FC, significantly decreased growth and parameter values, above all in Sakha 93, and disrupted most physiological aspects, biochemical constituents and internal structural features of both wheat cultivars. Irrigation with magnetized water alleviated the negative consequences of drought stress on most physiological and biochemical parameters to a variable extent: the whole plant dry weight, total water content, total soluble sugar concentration in leaves, total free amino acids and proline increased by about 32, 12, 17, 27 and 73%, respectively, under 50% FC drought stress in Sids 9 compared to the control. As the levels of drought increased, the grain yield (g/plant) decreased considerably, from about 81% in Sakha 93 at 50% FC to 26% in Sids 9 at 75% FC. The use of magnetic water increased grain yield from 61% in Sakha 93 at 75% FC to about 268% in Sids 9 at 50% FC. Magnetic water also increased the thickness of the flag leaf midvein and lamina, as well as the metaxylem vessel diameter of Sakha 93 by 28.8, 11.7 and 20.0%, respectively, compared to the control. The application of magnetic water increased the growth and the other parameter values studied in both cultivars but above all in Sakha 93, whereas Sids 9 produced more grain yield under all levels of drought stress. As the growth and grain production increased in both cultivars when using magnetic water, this study recommends this type of irrigation for these wheat plants, which are widespread in Egypt.
本研究的目的是评估在两个冬季生长季节（2014/2015 年 11 月 20 日至 5 月 5 日和 2015/2016 年）中，两种小麦品种（Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Sakha 93 和 Sids 9）在两个干旱胁迫水平（田间持水量（FC）为 75%和 50%）和对照（FC 为 100%）下用磁化水灌溉时的一些生理参数和解剖结构变化。在埃及米努夫省希宾·埃尔·科姆的农业学院实验农场的温室中进行了盆栽试验。在 50% FC 的水分亏缺下，特别是在 50% FC 下，小麦的生长和参数值显著下降，在 Sakha 93 中尤为明显，并且破坏了两个小麦品种的大多数生理方面、生化成分和内部结构特征。用磁化水灌溉在不同程度上缓解了干旱胁迫对大多数生理和生化参数的负面影响：与对照相比，Sids 9 在 50% FC 干旱胁迫下，整株干重、总含水量、叶片中总可溶性糖浓度、总游离氨基酸和脯氨酸分别增加了约 32%、12%、17%、27%和 73%。随着干旱程度的增加，籽粒产量（g/plant）大大降低，从 Sakha 93 在 50% FC 下的约 81%降至 Sids 9 在 75% FC 下的 26%。磁化水的使用使 Sakha 93 在 75% FC 下的籽粒产量从 61%增加到 50% FC 下的约 268%，而在 Sids 9 下则增加到 268%。与对照相比，磁化水还分别增加了 Sakha 93 的旗叶中脉和叶片的厚度以及木质部导管的直径 28.8%、11.7%和 20.0%。磁化水在两个品种中都增加了生长和其他研究参数，但在 Sakha 93 中更为明显，而 Sids 9 在所有干旱胁迫水平下都产生了更多的籽粒产量。由于在使用磁化水时两个品种的生长和籽粒产量都增加了，因此本研究建议在埃及广泛种植的这些小麦品种中使用这种灌溉方式。
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