Antwi-Boasiako Charles, Ekem Ivy, Abdul-Rahman Mubarak, Sey Frederika, Doku Alfred, Dzudzor Bartholomew, Dankwah Gifty B, Otu Kate Hagar, Ahenkorah John, Aryee Robert
Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana,
Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
J Blood Med. 2018 Oct 31;9:203-209. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S169872. eCollection 2018.
Effective treatment and management of sickle cell disease (SCD) has been a challenge in Africa over the years. Hematological parameters are very useful profiles in the effective management of the disease. However, there is scarcity of studies on the hematological parameters of SCD in Ghana. This study aimed at determining hematological parameters among SCD patients with vaso-occlusion, those in the steady state as well as healthy controls at a teaching hospital in Ghana.
This was a cross-sectional study involving a total of 628 subjects, including 148 HbAA controls, 208 HbSS patients in steady state, 82 HbSC patients in steady state, 156 HbSS patients in vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), and 34 HbSC patients in VOC. Venous blood sample was collected from all study participants. A full blood count was done within 2 hours of collection, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume, red blood cell (RBC) concentration, mean corpuscular Hb, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular Hb concentration, and white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were recorded.
WBC and PLT counts were significantly higher in both female and male patients with SCD, compared with their healthy counterparts (<0.05). The level of WBC was, however, significantly higher in patients with HbSS VOC among the SCD patients (<0.001). Levels of Hb, RBC, and hematocrit were significantly higher in the controls (<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean cell Hb among male patients with SCD (=0.274) and female patients with SCD (=0.5410).
The SCD patients had lower Hb and RBC than the controls; however, higher PLT and WBC are noted in various status of SCD, possibly reflecting spleen effect in these patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
多年来，镰状细胞病（SCD）的有效治疗与管理在非洲一直是一项挑战。血液学参数在该疾病的有效管理中是非常有用的指标。然而，加纳关于SCD血液学参数的研究较少。本研究旨在确定加纳一家教学医院中患有血管闭塞的SCD患者、病情稳定的患者以及健康对照者的血液学参数。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入628名受试者，包括148名HbAA对照者、208名病情稳定的HbSS患者、82名病情稳定的HbSC患者、156名处于血管闭塞性危机（VOC）的HbSS患者以及34名处于VOC的HbSC患者。采集了所有研究参与者的静脉血样本。在采集后2小时内进行全血细胞计数，并记录血红蛋白（Hb）浓度、血细胞比容、红细胞（RBC）浓度、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度以及白细胞（WBC）和血小板（PLT）计数。
与健康对照者相比，SCD男性和女性患者的WBC和PLT计数均显著更高（<0.05）。然而，在SCD患者中，HbSS VOC患者的WBC水平显著更高（<0.001）。对照者的Hb、RBC和血细胞比容水平显著更高（<0.001）。SCD男性患者（=0.274）和SCD女性患者（=0.5410）的平均红细胞血红蛋白含量无显著差异。
SCD患者的Hb和RBC低于对照者；然而在SCD的不同状态下观察到PLT和WBC较高，这可能反映了这些患者的脾脏效应。需要进一步研究来证实这些发现。
