Peng Cong, Chen Xiang
The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2018 Dec;19(2):S91-S93. doi: 10.1016/j.jisp.2018.10.001.
CD147, also named as BSG, was first identified from F9 embryonal carcinoma cells (Miyauchi et al., 1990) and the human BSG locus on chromosome 19p13.3 containing 10 exons (Belton et al., 2008; Kaname et al., 1993; Liao et al., 2011), which encodes four alternatively spliced transcripts:CD147/Bsg-1,2,3,4 (Kaname et al., 1993; Liao et al., 2011). Bsg-1 has three Ig-like domains (CD147/Bsg-1) (Hanna et al., 2003; Ochrietor et al., 2003), while CD147/Bsg-3,4 contains a single Ig-like domain (Belton et al., 2008; Liao et al., 2011). Evidence shows that CD147/Bsg-2 is the most abundant and best characterized splice product, which contains two Ig-like domains (Weidle et al., 2010). Analysis of amino acids showed that CD147 contains a single-chain type I transmembrane domain composed of a 21-amino acid signal sequence, an extracellular domain consisting of 186 amino acids with two Ig-like domains and a cytoplasmic domain of 41 residues (Kanekura et al., 2010; Yurchenko et al., 2005). There are three glycosylation sites at three conserved asparagine (Asn 44, 152, and 186) in the CD147 N-terminal domain (Fadool et al., 1993; Tang et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2006), which could explain the molecular mass of CD147 shifts from a predicted molecular weight of about 27 kDa to 40-65 kDa with Western blotting. Inhibition of glycosylation by specific inhibitors showed that on carbohydrate side groups bearing β-1,6-branched, polylactosamine-type sugars, fucosylations are the major glycosylation type in N-glycosylation of CD147 (Ni et al., 2014; Riethdorf et al., 2006; Tang et al., 2004). In addition, N-glycosylation of CD147 has been identified as low glycosylated (approximately 32 kDa) or high glycosylated (approximately 45-65 kDa). The fully glycosylated mature CD147 (high-glycosylated CD147) is translocated to the plasma membrane, while low-glycosylated CD147 is the precursor of high-glycosylated CD147 in the endoplasmic reticulum, which requires additional modification in the Golgi prior to being expressed on the cell surface; high levels of glycosylation are a primary biochemical property of CD147 (Jia et al., 2006; Jiang et al., 2014; Ni et al., 2014; Tang et al., 2004).
CD147,也被命名为BSG,最初是在F9胚胎癌细胞中被鉴定出来的(宫内等人,1990年),人类BSG基因座位于19号染色体p13.3上,包含10个外显子(贝尔顿等人,2008年;金名等人,1993年;廖等人,2011年),它编码四种可变剪接转录本:CD147/Bsg-1、2、3、4(金名等人,1993年;廖等人,2011年)。Bsg-1有三个免疫球蛋白样结构域(CD147/Bsg-1)(汉纳等人,2003年;奥克里托等人,2003年),而CD147/Bsg-3、4包含一个单一的免疫球蛋白样结构域(贝尔顿等人,2008年;廖等人,2011年)。证据表明,CD147/Bsg-2是最丰富且特征最明确的剪接产物,它包含两个免疫球蛋白样结构域(魏德尔等人,2010年)。氨基酸分析表明,CD147包含一个单链I型跨膜结构域,由一个21个氨基酸的信号序列组成,一个由186个氨基酸组成的细胞外结构域,带有两个免疫球蛋白样结构域,以及一个由41个残基组成的细胞质结构域(金仓等人,2010年;尤尔琴科等人,2005年)。在CD147的N端结构域中有三个保守的天冬酰胺(Asn 44、152和186)处存在三个糖基化位点(法杜尔等人,1993年;唐等人,2004年;于等人,2006年),这可以解释在蛋白质免疫印迹法中CD147的分子量从预测的约27 kDa转变为40 - 65 kDa。用特异性抑制剂抑制糖基化表明,在带有β-1,6-分支的聚乳糖胺型糖的碳水化合物侧链上,岩藻糖基化是CD147 N-糖基化中的主要糖基化类型(倪等人,2014年;里特多夫等人,2006年;唐等人,2004年)。此外,CD147的N-糖基化已被鉴定为低糖基化(约32 kDa)或高糖基化(约45 - 65 kDa)。完全糖基化的成熟CD147(高糖基化CD147)转运到质膜,而低糖基化CD147是高糖基化CD147在内质网中的前体,它在高尔基体中需要额外修饰才能在细胞表面表达;高水平的糖基化是CD147的主要生化特性(贾等人,2006年;江等人,2014年;倪等人,2014年;唐等人,2004年)。