Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (University of South China), College of Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study [Hunan Provincial Education Department document (Approval number: 2014-405)], Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2019 Feb;489:10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.028. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Autophagy, which is tightly regulated by a series of autophagy-related genes (ATGs), is a vital intracellular homeostatic process through which defective proteins and organelles are degraded and recycled under starvation, hypoxia or other specific cellular stress conditions. For both normal cells and tumour cells, autophagy not only sustains cell survival but can also promote cell death. Autophagy-related signalling pathways include mTOR-dependent pathways, such as the AMPK/mTOR and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways, and non-mTOR dependent pathways, such as the P53 pathway. Additionally, autophagy plays a dual role in gastric carcinoma (GC), including a tumour-suppressor role and a tumour-promoter role. Long-term Helicobacter pylori infection can impair autophagy, which may eventually promote tumourigenesis of the gastric mucosa. Moreover, Beclin1, LC3 and P62/SQSTM1 are regarded as autophagy-related markers with GC prognostic value. Autophagy inhibitors and autophagy inducers show promise for GC treatment. This review describes research progress regarding autophagy and its significant role in gastric cancer.
自噬是一种由一系列自噬相关基因（ATGs）严密调控的重要的细胞内稳态过程，在饥饿、缺氧或其他特定细胞应激条件下，自噬可降解和再循环功能失调的蛋白质和细胞器。自噬不仅可以维持正常细胞和肿瘤细胞的存活，还可以促进细胞死亡。自噬相关信号通路包括 mTOR 依赖性通路，如 AMPK/mTOR 和 PI3K/Akt/mTOR 通路，以及非 mTOR 依赖性通路，如 P53 通路。此外，自噬在胃癌（GC）中发挥双重作用，包括肿瘤抑制作用和肿瘤促进作用。长期的幽门螺杆菌感染会损害自噬，这可能最终促进胃黏膜的肿瘤发生。此外，Beclin1、LC3 和 P62/SQSTM1 被认为是具有 GC 预后价值的自噬相关标志物。自噬抑制剂和自噬诱导剂在 GC 治疗中具有应用前景。本文综述了自噬及其在胃癌中的重要作用的研究进展。
