细胞极化：从上皮细胞到成牙本质细胞。
Cell polarization: From epithelial cells to odontoblasts.
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
出版信息
Eur J Cell Biol. 2019 Jan;98(1):1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
Cell polarity identifies the asymmetry of a cell. Various types of cells, including odontoblasts and epithelial cells, polarize to fulfil their destined functions. Odontoblast polarization is a prerequisite and fundamental step for tooth development and tubular dentin formation. Current knowledge of odontoblast polarization, however, is very limited, which greatly impedes the development of novel approaches for regenerative endodontics. Compared to odontoblasts, epithelial cell polarization has been extensively studied over the last several decades. The knowledge obtained from epithelia polarization has been found applicable to other cell types, which is particularly useful considering the remarkable similarities of the morphological and compositional features between polarized odontoblasts and epithelia. In this review, we first discuss the characteristics, the key regulatory factors, and the process of epithelial polarity. Next, we compare the known facts of odontoblast polarization with epithelial cells. Lastly, we clarify knowledge gaps in odontoblast polarization and propose the directions for future research to fill the gaps, leading to the advancement of regenerative endodontics.
细胞极性确定了细胞的不对称性。各种类型的细胞，包括成牙本质细胞和成釉细胞，都会极化以发挥其预定的功能。成牙本质细胞极化是牙齿发育和管状牙本质形成的前提和基本步骤。然而，目前对成牙本质细胞极化的认识非常有限，这极大地阻碍了再生牙髓学新方法的发展。与成牙本质细胞相比，上皮细胞极化在过去几十年中得到了广泛的研究。从上皮细胞极化中获得的知识已被发现适用于其他细胞类型，这在考虑到极化的成牙本质细胞和上皮细胞在形态和组成特征上的显著相似性时尤为有用。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了上皮极性的特征、关键调节因子和过程。接下来，我们将成牙本质细胞极化的已知事实与上皮细胞进行比较。最后，我们阐明了成牙本质细胞极化中的知识空白，并提出了未来研究的方向，以填补空白，推动再生牙髓学的发展。
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