Awareness Center, Linkøpingvej 35, Trekroner, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
Mol Inform. 2019 Aug;38(8-9):e1800106. doi: 10.1002/minf.201800106. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
In March 2018 the term Novichok (Hoвичoκ) became publically known following an attempted murder of a former Russian spy in Salisbury, UK. Novichok is the name of a group of nerve agents secretly produced by Russia in the later stages of the Cold War. These compounds were never declared under the Chemical Weapons Convention and very little is known about the actual identity and characteristics of these compounds. Structures of some of the Novichoks have been reported by a former Russian chemist, Vil Mirzayanov, previously working at the Russian State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology (GOSNIIOKhT). It was in this context claimed that at least two compounds of the Novichok family, known as Novichok-5 and Novichok-7 were 5-8 times more potent than the hitherto most toxic nerve agent, VX. The present study elucidates, applying a series of QSAR models toxicity, skin permeation, pharmacokinetic aspects as well as the environmental fate of a series of Novichoks. Virtually the results from the different studies related to human health point in the same direction, i. e., the Novichoks are significantly less toxic than VX and the skin permeation much lower and less efficient than observed for VX. Hence, the claim by Mirzayanov could not be substantiated.
2018 年 3 月，在英国索尔兹伯里发生一起企图谋杀前俄罗斯间谍的事件后，“诺维乔克（Novichok）”一词为公众所熟知。诺维乔克是俄罗斯在冷战后期秘密生产的一组神经毒剂的名称。这些化合物从未根据《化学武器公约》宣布过，关于这些化合物的实际身份和特性知之甚少。一些诺维乔克的结构已被前俄罗斯化学家 Vil Mirzayanov 报道，他曾在俄罗斯国家有机化学和技术科学研究所以及技术研究所（GOSNIIOKhT）工作。据称，在这种情况下，至少有两种诺维乔克家族的化合物，即诺维乔克-5 和诺维乔克-7 的效力比迄今最毒的神经毒剂 VX 高 5-8 倍。本研究应用一系列 QSAR 模型阐明了一系列诺维乔克的毒性、皮肤渗透、药代动力学方面以及环境归宿。实际上，与人类健康相关的不同研究的结果都指向同一个方向，即诺维乔克的毒性明显低于 VX，皮肤渗透则比 VX 低得多，效率也低得多。因此，Mirzayanov 的说法没有得到证实。
