a Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute , Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh , India.
b Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India.
RNA Biol. 2018;15(12):1433-1439. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1551693. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Cross-kingdom gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) initiated a hot debate on the effective role of orally acquired plant miRNAs on human gene expression. It resulted in the expansion of gene regulation theories and role of plant miRNAs in cross-kingdom regulation of gene expression. This opened up the discussion that 'Whether we really get what we eat?' and 'Whether the orally acquired miRNAs really have a biologically important consequences after entering our digestive and circulatory system?' The reports of orally acquired plant miRNAs inside human alimentary canal have been a topic of discussion in the scientific community. The cross-kingdom gene regulations have raised our hopes to explore the exciting world of plant miRNAs as therapeutic potential and dietary supplements. However, there are reports which have raised concerns over any such cross-kingdom regulation and argued that technical flaws in the experiments might have led to such hypothesis. This review will give the complete understanding of exogenous application and cross-kingdom regulation of plant miRNAs on human health. Here, we provide update and discuss the consequences of plant miRNA mediated cross-kingdom gene regulation and possibilities for this exciting regulatory mechanism as an augmented therapy against various diseases.
miRNAs（微 RNA）对跨物种基因调控的作用引发了一场激烈的争论，即植物来源的 miRNA 经口摄入后是否能有效调控人类基因表达。这一争论进一步拓展了基因调控理论，并加深了我们对植物 miRNA 在跨物种基因表达调控中作用的理解。这也引发了人们的思考，即“我们是否真的‘吃啥补啥’？”以及“经口摄入的 miRNA 进入消化系统和循环系统后是否真的具有重要的生物学意义？”关于植物 miRNA 能否在人类消化道内被摄取并发挥作用，这一问题已成为科学界讨论的热点。跨物种基因调控使我们对植物 miRNA 的治疗潜力和作为膳食补充剂的应用前景充满期待。然而，也有报道对这种跨物种调控提出了质疑，认为实验中的技术缺陷可能导致了这种假说。本综述将全面阐述植物 miRNA 对人类健康的外源应用和跨物种调控。本文提供了最新研究进展，并讨论了植物 miRNA 介导的跨物种基因调控的后果，以及该调控机制作为增强疗法治疗各种疾病的可能性。
