Kim Hanbeen, Jung Eunsang, Lee Hyo Gun, Kim Byeongwoo, Cho Seongkeun, Lee Seyoung, Kwon Inhyuk, Seo Jakyeom
Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea.
Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2019 Jun;32(6):808-814. doi: 10.5713/ajas.18.0652. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of essential oil mixture (EOM) supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial changes in an in vitro.
Three experimental treatments were used: control (CON, no additive), EOM 0.1 (supplementation of 1 g EOM/kg of substrate), and EOM 0.2 (supplementation of 2 g EOM/kg of substrate). An in vitro fermentation experiment was carried out using strained rumen fluid for 12 and 24 h incubation periods. At each time point, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD), pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and relative microbial diversity were estimated.
After 24 h incubation, treatments involving EOM supplementation led to significantly higher IVDMD (treatments and quadratic effect; p = 0.019 and 0.008) and IVNDFD (linear effect; p = 0.068) than did the CON treatment. The EOM 0.2 supplementation group had the highest NH3-N concentration (treatments; p = 0.032). Both EOM supplementations did not affect total VFA concentration and the proportion of individual VFAs; however, total VFA tended to increase in EOM supplementation groups, after 12 h incubation (linear; p = 0.071). Relative protozoa abundance significantly increased following EOM supplementation (treatments, p<0.001). Selenomonas ruminantium and Ruminococcus albus (treatments; p<0.001 and p = 0.005), abundance was higher in the EOM 0.1 treatment group than in CON. The abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, fungi and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (treatments; p< 0.001, p<0.001, and p = 0.005) was higher following EOM 0.2 treatment.
The addition of newly developed EOM increased IVDMD, IVNDFD, and tended to increase total VFA indicating that it may be used as a feed additive to improve rumen fermentation by modulating rumen microbial communities. Further studies would be required to investigate the detailed metabolic mechanism underlying the effects of EOM supplementation.
本研究旨在调查添加混合精油（EOM）对体外瘤胃发酵特性和微生物变化的影响。
采用三种实验处理：对照组（CON，不添加）、EOM 0.1（每千克底物添加1克EOM）和EOM 0.2（每千克底物添加2克EOM）。使用过滤后的瘤胃液进行体外发酵实验，培养12小时和24小时。在每个时间点，测定体外干物质消化率（IVDMD）、中性洗涤纤维消化率（IVNDFD）、pH值、氨氮（NH3-N）、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度以及相对微生物多样性。
培养24小时后，添加EOM的处理组IVDMD（处理和二次效应；p = 0.019和0.008）和IVNDFD（线性效应；p = 0.068）显著高于CON处理组。EOM 0.2添加组的NH3-N浓度最高（处理；p = 0.032）。两种EOM添加处理均未影响总VFA浓度和各VFA的比例；然而，培养12小时后，EOM添加组的总VFA有增加趋势（线性；p = 0.071）。添加EOM后，原生动物相对丰度显著增加（处理，p<0.001）。EOM 0.1处理组的反刍月形单胞菌和白色瘤胃球菌（处理；p<0.001和p = 0.005）丰度高于CON组。EOM 0.2处理后，溶纤维丁酸弧菌、真菌和黄化瘤胃球菌的丰度更高（处理；p<0.001、p<0.001和p = 0.0该05）。
添加新开发的EOM可提高IVDMD、IVNDFD，并使总VFA有增加趋势，表明它可作为饲料添加剂，通过调节瘤胃微生物群落来改善瘤胃发酵。需要进一步研究以调查添加EOM影响的详细代谢机制。
