1 Department of Psychiatry, Veteran Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2019 Jan;32(1):24-30. doi: 10.1177/0891988718813711. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
In elderly patients, women have better qualities of sleep than men in objective parameters; however, women subjectively complain more about sleep disturbances than men. We performed visual scoring and spectral analysis of sleep electroencephalograms to explain these gender differences in the degree of arousal, the most representative marker in insomnia.
A total of 354 participants (≥60 years old) were recruited from a Korean community underwent nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG). A Fast Fourier transform was used for the spectral analysis of the NPSG data. Relative power was calculated as absolute power of each band divided by total absolute power. Difference in total sleep time (D_TST) is obtained by subtracting the total sleep time reported in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) from the TST measured by the NPSG.
A total of 75 participants (women, 51) were finally analyzed. Women had higher PSQI, longer sleep latencies, sleep inefficiencies, and daytime dysfunctions compared to men. The percentage of stage 1 sleep was higher in men versus in women, whereas percentage of stage 3 sleep was higher in women than in men ( P = .001; P = .001). Women had higher relative alpha and beta powers than men during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep ( P = .017; P = .015). During NREM sleep, beta power was negatively correlated with D_TST ( R = -0.250, P = .033), and relative alpha power in stage 3 sleep was positively correlated with sleep latency in PSQI ( R = 0.267, P = .022).
Spectral analysis showed that women had more disturbed sleep than men. The result from the spectral analysis may explain hyperarousal in elderly women.
在老年患者中，女性在客观参数上的睡眠质量优于男性；然而，女性主观上抱怨的睡眠障碍比男性多。我们对睡眠脑电图进行了视觉评分和频谱分析，以解释这些性别差异在觉醒程度上的差异，这是失眠最具代表性的标志物。
共有 354 名（≥60 岁）参与者从韩国社区接受了夜间多导睡眠图（NPSG）检查。快速傅里叶变换用于 NPSG 数据的频谱分析。相对功率是通过将每个波段的绝对功率除以总绝对功率来计算的。总睡眠时间差异（D_TST）是通过从 NPSG 测量的 TST 中减去匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）报告的总睡眠时间来获得的。
最终分析了 75 名参与者（女性 51 名）。与男性相比，女性的 PSQI 更高，入睡潜伏期、睡眠效率和白天功能障碍更长。男性的 1 期睡眠百分比高于女性，而女性的 3 期睡眠百分比高于男性（P=.001；P=.001）。与男性相比，女性在非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠期间的相对阿尔法和贝塔功率更高（P=.017；P=.015）。在 NREM 睡眠期间，β功率与 D_TST 呈负相关（R=-0.250，P=.033），3 期睡眠中的相对阿尔法功率与 PSQI 中的睡眠潜伏期呈正相关（R=0.267，P=.022）。
频谱分析显示女性的睡眠比男性更紊乱。频谱分析的结果可能解释了老年女性的过度觉醒。
