Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Institute of Socio-environmental Studies and Hydrological Resources, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Apr;99(6):2998-3004. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9513. Epub 2019 Jan 13.
In recent years, tracing of alimentary produce of animal origin has become increasingly important, for economic, food safety and ecological reasons. The tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the native fish most farmed in Brazil. The reliable identification of the origin of tambaquis (wild or farmed) offered for sale to the general public has become necessary to satisfy regulatory norms and uphold consumer confidence. Molecular methods based on the analysis of DNA sequences have often been used to evaluate the potential for tracing farmed fish, given their reliability and precision.
Full likelihood and Bayesian approaches proved to be the most efficient for the identification, respectively, of individuals and populations for most of the fish sampled from seven hatcheries and one wild stock. The exclusion method and genetic distances were the least effective approaches for the identification of individuals and populations. The Bayesian method identified correctly more than 99% of the fry from most stocks, except those of the Santarém hatchery and River Amazon wild stock, which presented the best results for individual identification.
The identification of populations was effective for most hatcheries, although the identification of individuals from most stocks was hampered by the reduced genetic variability. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
近年来，出于经济、食品安全和生态原因，对动物源性食品的溯源变得越来越重要。巨臀脂鲤（Colossoma macropomum）是巴西主要养殖的本地鱼类。可靠地鉴定野生或养殖的巨臀脂鲤的来源，对于满足监管规范和维护消费者信心变得非常必要。基于 DNA 序列分析的分子方法通常用于评估养殖鱼类的溯源潜力，因为它们具有可靠性和精确性。
全似然法和贝叶斯法分别被证明是最有效的个体和群体鉴定方法，适用于从七个孵化场和一个野生种群中采集的大多数鱼类样本。排除法和遗传距离是个体和群体鉴定最无效的方法。贝叶斯法正确鉴定了大多数种群的鱼苗，除了 Santarém 孵化场和亚马逊河野生种群的鱼苗，它们在个体鉴定方面的表现最好。
大多数孵化场的群体鉴定都很有效，尽管大多数种群的个体鉴定受到遗传变异性降低的阻碍。 © 2018 英国化学学会。
