Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #88 Jie Fang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, #88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;14(3):259-267. doi: 10.2174/1574888X14666181127145809.
Long suspected as transcriptional noise, recently recognized, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as an indicator, biomarker and therapy target in the physiologic and pathologic process. Mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells are important source for normal and therapeutic tissue repair. However, the mechanism of stem cell differentiation is not completely understood. Research on lncRNAs may provide novel insights into the mechanism of differentiation process of the stem cell which is important for the application of stem cell therapy. The lncRNAs field is still very young, new insights into lncRNAs function are emerging to a greater understanding of biological processes.
In this review, we summarize the recent researches studying lncRNAs and illustrate how they act in the differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells, and discuss some future directions in this field.
Numerous lncRNAs were differentially expressed during differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells. LncRNAs were able to regulate the differentiation processes through epigenetic regulation, transcription regulation and post-transcription regulation.
LncRNAs are involved in the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells, and they could become promising indicator, biomarker and therapeutic targets in the physiologic and pathologic process. However, the mechanisms of the role of lncRNAs still require further investigation.
长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）长期以来被认为是转录噪声，但最近被认为是生理和病理过程中的一个指标、生物标志物和治疗靶点。间充质干细胞和胚胎干细胞是正常和治疗性组织修复的重要来源。然而，干细胞分化的机制尚不完全清楚。lncRNAs 的研究可能为干细胞分化过程的机制提供新的见解，这对于干细胞治疗的应用很重要。lncRNAs 领域还很年轻，对 lncRNAs 功能的新认识有助于更好地理解生物学过程。
在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于 lncRNAs 的研究，并说明了它们如何在间充质干细胞和胚胎干细胞的分化中发挥作用，并讨论了该领域的一些未来方向。
在间充质干细胞和胚胎干细胞的分化过程中，许多 lncRNAs 表达水平存在差异。lncRNAs 通过表观遗传调控、转录调控和转录后调控来调节分化过程。
lncRNAs 参与间充质干细胞和胚胎干细胞的分化过程，它们可能成为生理和病理过程中有前途的指标、生物标志物和治疗靶点。然而，lncRNAs 作用的机制仍需要进一步研究。
