Tye Coralee E, Gordon Jonathan A R, Martin-Buley Lori A, Stein Janet L, Lian Jane B, Stein Gary S
Department of Biochemistry and Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, Vermont.
J Cell Physiol. 2015 Mar;230(3):526-34. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24834.
Long suspected, recently recognized, and increasingly studied, non protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key drivers of biological control and pathology. Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been the subject of intense research focus and investigations have revealed striking findings, establishing that these molecules can exert a substantial level of biological control in numerous tissues. More recently, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), the lesser-studied siblings of miRNA, have been suggested to have a similar robust role in developmental and adult tissue regulation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important source of multipotent cells for normal and therapeutic tissue repair. Much is known about the critical role of miRNAs in biogenesis and differentiation of MSCs however; recent studies have suggested lncRNAs may play an equally important role in the regulation of these cells. Here we highlight the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes, myoblasts, and osteoblasts. In addition, the potential for these noncoding RNAs to be used as biomarkers for disease or therapeutic targets is also discussed.
长期以来一直受到怀疑，最近才被认识到且研究日益增多的非蛋白质编码RNA（ncRNAs）正成为生物调控和病理学的关键驱动因素。自1993年被发现以来，微小RNA（miRNAs）一直是深入研究的焦点，研究揭示了惊人的发现，证实这些分子能在众多组织中发挥相当程度的生物调控作用。最近，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs），即研究较少的miRNA的同类分子，被认为在发育和成年组织调控中具有类似的重要作用。间充质干细胞（MSCs）是正常和治疗性组织修复中多能细胞的重要来源。然而，关于miRNAs在MSCs生物发生和分化中的关键作用已有很多了解；最近的研究表明lncRNAs可能在这些细胞的调控中发挥同样重要的作用。在这里，我们强调lncRNAs在间充质干细胞谱系调控中的作用，包括脂肪细胞、软骨细胞、成肌细胞和成骨细胞。此外，还讨论了这些非编码RNA用作疾病生物标志物或治疗靶点的潜力。
