Shrestha Gauri Shankar, Sigdel Ramesh, Shrestha Jyoti Baba, Sharma Ananda Kumar, Shrestha Romina, Mishra Sanjeeb Kumar, Joshi Sagun Narayan
B.P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):461-469. doi: 10.4103/jovr.jovr_41_17.
To collect information regarding awareness and knowledge of eye health and diseases among the population of the hilly region of Nepal.
In a population-based survey, 1834 participants were enrolled in to the study. Field procedures included the development of a survey questionnaire, field orientation, pretesting, and household data collection. Association between knowledge of eye diseases was derived using the Chi-square test and odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval. A value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Most participants were 31-40 years old (33.4%), female (51.1%), of upper caste (43.4%), Hindus (83.3%), received secondary level of education (34.4%), and involved in agriculture (48.6%). Awareness of cataract, night blindness, glaucoma, strabismus, and systemic diseases was 74.6%, 53.4%, 17.4%, 70.8%, and 46.5%, respectively. Knowledge regarding these diseases among those aware was 39.1%, 72.2%, 50.9%, and 92.3%, respectively. Awareness of cataract was significantly higher (88.4%) among higher caste groups ( < 0.001; OR, 4.29; 95% CI, 3.34-5.54), followed by business as an occupation (88.2%; = 0.001; OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.44-4.9). Awareness of night blindness was significantly higher among students (72.6%; < 0.001; OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.65-3.67).
There was a general lack of awareness and knowledge of common eye diseases. Improved awareness and knowledge are required for the prevention, early treatment, and access to eye care.
收集有关尼泊尔山区人群眼健康和眼病的认知及知识的信息。
在一项基于人群的调查中，1834名参与者被纳入研究。现场程序包括制定调查问卷、现场培训、预测试和家庭数据收集。使用卡方检验和95%置信区间的比值比得出眼病知识之间的关联。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
大多数参与者年龄在31 - 40岁之间（33.4%），女性（51.1%），属于高种姓（43.4%），印度教徒（83.3%），接受过中等教育（34.4%），从事农业（48.6%）。白内障、夜盲症、青光眼、斜视和全身性疾病的知晓率分别为74.6%、53.4%、17.4%、70.8%和46.5%。在知晓这些疾病的人群中，对这些疾病的知识知晓率分别为39.1%、72.2%、50.9%和92.3%。高种姓群体中白内障的知晓率显著更高（88.4%）（P < 0.001；比值比，4.29；95%置信区间，3.34 - 5.54），其次是从事商业职业的人群（88.2%；P = 0.001；比值比，2.65；95%置信区间，1.44 - 4.9）。学生中夜盲症的知晓率显著更高（72.6%；P < 0.001；比值比，2.46；95%置信区间，1.65 - 3.67）。
对常见眼病普遍缺乏认知和知识。预防、早期治疗以及获得眼保健服务需要提高认知和知识水平。
