School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bule Hora University, PO. Box 144, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Public Health Department, Pharma College Hawassa Campus, P.O.B. 67, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2021 Feb 10;21(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12886-021-01844-3.
Globally, at least 1 billion people have a vision impairment that could have been easily prevented or easily treated. Cataract is the leading preventable and most treatable causes of blindness and bilateral low vision among adults. Despite being the leading cause of preventable and most treatable blindness, the lack of knowledge about the disease and its option of treatment is still a major barrier in reducing the blindness owing to cataract in the developing countries particularly in Ethiopia. Hence, the aim of this study is to determine the level of knowledge about cataract and associated factors among adults in Yirgalem Town, Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 599 adult's age 18 years and above from May 10-30, 2020. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured face-to-face interview questionnaires. The collected data were entered to Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of knowledge about cataract. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) together with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to declare the statistical association between dependent and independent variables.
Of the total study participants, 379 (64.7%), [(95% CI: 60.7-68.6%)] of them had good knowledge about cataract. Age (≥40 years) [AOR = 2.29(95% CI 1.18-4.44)], Elementary school completed [AOR = 2.31(95% CI 1.30-4.10)], High school & above [AOR = 5.55(95% CI 2.81-10.89)], governmental and non-governmental employed [AOR = 5.62 (95% CI 2.78-11.38)], Merchant [AOR = 1.72(95% CI 1.03-2.88)], Positive Attitude [AOR = 3.85(95% CI 2.94-6.47)] were positively significantly associated with knowledge about cataract. Whereas, rural residence [AOR = 0.19 (95% CI: 0.12-0.31)] was negatively associated with knowledge about cataract.
More than one third of the participants still had poor knowledge about cataract. This implies that health facilities should be engaged and raises the awareness of the community and empowers people about eye care needs.
在全球范围内，至少有 10 亿人患有视力障碍，这些视力障碍本可以很容易得到预防或治疗。白内障是成年人致盲和视力低下的主要可预防和最可治疗原因。尽管白内障是导致可预防和最可治疗的失明的主要原因，但由于白内障导致的失明在发展中国家，特别是在埃塞俄比亚，由于对这种疾病及其治疗方法缺乏了解，仍然是一个主要障碍。因此，本研究的目的是确定 2020 年在埃塞俄比亚南部西达玛地区耶尔加莱姆镇成年人中白内障知识水平及其相关因素。
这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，于 2020 年 5 月 10 日至 30 日期间随机选择了 599 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的成年人。采用多阶段抽样技术选择研究对象。使用经过预测试和结构化的面对面访谈问卷收集数据。收集的数据输入到 EpiData 版本 3.1，然后导出到 SPSS 版本 21 进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定白内障知识相关的因素。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间（CI）来确定依赖变量和独立变量之间的统计学关联。
在总共的研究参与者中，有 379 名（64.7%）[(95%CI: 60.7-68.6%)]对白内障有较好的认识。年龄（≥40 岁）[AOR=2.29(95%CI 1.18-4.44)]，小学完成[AOR=2.31(95%CI 1.30-4.10)]，中学及以上[AOR=5.55(95%CI 2.81-10.89)]，政府和非政府雇员[AOR=5.62 (95% CI 2.78-11.38)]，商人[AOR=1.72(95% CI 1.03-2.88)]，积极的态度[AOR=3.85(95% CI 2.94-6.47)]与白内障知识呈正相关。而农村居住[AOR=0.19 (95% CI: 0.12-0.31)]与白内障知识呈负相关。
超过三分之一的参与者对白内障的认识仍然很差。这意味着卫生机构应该参与进来，提高社区的认识，并赋予人们关于眼保健需求的权力。
