Magalhaes Andressa A, Oliveira Leticia, Pereira Mirtes G, Menezes Carolina B
Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.
Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2018 Nov 13;12:448. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00448. eCollection 2018.
Despite several attempts to review and explain how meditation alters the brain and facilitates emotion regulation, the extent to which meditation and emotion regulation strategies share the same neural mechanisms remains unclear. We aim to understand the influence of meditation on the neural processing of negative emotional stimuli in participants who underwent meditation interventions (naive meditators) and long-term meditators. A systematic review was conducted using standardized search operators that included the presence of terms related to emotion, meditation and neuro-imaging techniques in PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Searches identified 882 papers, of which 11 were eligible for inclusion. Results showed a predominance of greater prefrontal/frontal activity related to meditation, which might indicate the increased recruitment of cognitive/attentional control resources in naïve and long-term meditators. This increased frontal activity was also observed when participants were asked to simply react to negative stimuli. Findings from emotion-related areas were scarce but suggested increased insular activity in meditators, potentially indicating that meditation might be associated with greater bodily awareness. Meditation practice prompts regulatory mechanisms when participants face aversive stimuli, even without an explicit request. Moreover, some studies reported increased insular activity in meditators, consistent with the hypothesis that meditation helps foster an interoceptive awareness of bodily and emotional states.
尽管人们多次尝试回顾和解释冥想如何改变大脑并促进情绪调节，但冥想和情绪调节策略在多大程度上共享相同的神经机制仍不清楚。我们旨在了解冥想对接受冥想干预的参与者（新手冥想者）和长期冥想者中负面情绪刺激的神经处理的影响。我们使用标准化搜索运算符进行了系统综述，这些运算符包括在PsycInfo、PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中出现与情绪、冥想和神经成像技术相关的术语。搜索共识别出882篇论文，其中11篇符合纳入标准。结果显示，与冥想相关的前额叶/额叶活动增强占主导地位，这可能表明新手和长期冥想者中认知/注意力控制资源的募集增加。当要求参与者对负面刺激做出简单反应时，也观察到了这种额叶活动的增加。与情绪相关区域的研究结果较少，但表明冥想者的岛叶活动增加，这可能表明冥想可能与更强的身体感知有关。当参与者面对厌恶刺激时，即使没有明确要求，冥想练习也会启动调节机制。此外，一些研究报告冥想者的岛叶活动增加，这与冥想有助于培养对身体和情绪状态的内感受性意识的假设一致。
