Gorelik E, Gunji Y, Goldfarb R H
Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA 15213.
Biochem Cell Biol. 1988 Jun;66(6):617-25. doi: 10.1139/o88-071.
The metastatic process is rather complicated and relatively inefficient. Millions of tumor cells are constantly shedding from the primary tumor into the blood stream, but very few of them are able to form metastatic tumors in the different organs or tissues of the host. It is widely accepted that metastatic cells have to possess a complex array of various properties that allow them to complete the metastatic cascade. The realization of the metastatic potential largely depends on the ability of tumor cells to evade host defense mechanisms. The potential role of specific and nonspecific immune mechanisms in the control of metastatic spread and growth is the subject of the present review. A better understanding of the mechanisms of antimetastatic defense is of prime importance for development of efficient immunotherapeutic methods for the treatment and eradication of disseminated tumor metastases.
转移过程相当复杂且效率相对较低。数以百万计的肿瘤细胞不断从原发肿瘤脱落进入血流，但其中只有极少数能够在宿主的不同器官或组织中形成转移瘤。人们普遍认为，转移细胞必须具备一系列复杂的特性，才能完成转移级联反应。转移潜能的实现很大程度上取决于肿瘤细胞逃避宿主防御机制的能力。特异性和非特异性免疫机制在控制转移扩散和生长中的潜在作用是本综述的主题。更好地理解抗转移防御机制对于开发有效的免疫治疗方法以治疗和根除播散性肿瘤转移至关重要。
