Ariji Yoshiko, Ariji Eiichiro, Nakashima Misako, Iohara Koichiro
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan.
Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Japan.
Oral Radiol. 2018 Jan;34(1):10-16. doi: 10.1007/s11282-017-0301-0. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently been used for the evaluation of dental pulp anatomy, vitality, and regeneration. This study reviewed the recent use of MRI in the endodontic field.
Literature published from January 2000 to March 2017 was searched in PubMed using the following Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms: (1) MRI and (dental pulp anatomy or endodontic pulp); (2) MRI and dental pulp regeneration. Studies were narrowed down based on specific inclusion criteria and categorized as in vitro, in vivo, or dental pulp regeneration studies. The MRI sequences and imaging findings were summarized.
In the in vitro studies on dental pulp anatomy, T1-weighted imaging with high resolution was frequently used to evaluate dental pulp morphology, demineralization depth, and tooth abnormalities. Other sequences such as apparent diffusion coefficient mapping and sweep imaging with Fourier transformation were used to evaluate pulpal fluid and decayed teeth, and short-T2 tissues (dentin and enamel), respectively. In the in vivo studies, pulp vitality and reperfusion were visible with fat-saturated T2-weighted imaging or contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. In both the in vitro and in vivo studies, MRI could reveal pulp regeneration after stem cell therapy. Stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles were also visible on MRI. Angiogenesis induced by stem cells could be confirmed on enhanced T1-weighted imaging.
MRI can be successfully used to visualize pulp morphology as well as pulp vitality and regeneration. The use of MRI in the endodontic field is likely to increase in the future.
磁共振成像（MRI）最近已用于评估牙髓解剖结构、活力和再生情况。本研究回顾了MRI在牙髓病领域的近期应用。
在PubMed中检索2000年1月至2017年3月发表的文献，使用以下医学主题词（MeSH）：（1）MRI与（牙髓解剖或牙髓病学）；（2）MRI与牙髓再生。根据特定纳入标准对研究进行筛选，并分为体外、体内或牙髓再生研究。总结了MRI序列和影像学表现。
在牙髓解剖结构的体外研究中，高分辨率T1加权成像常用于评估牙髓形态、脱矿深度和牙齿异常。其他序列，如表观扩散系数图和傅里叶变换扫描成像，分别用于评估牙髓液和龋齿以及短T2组织（牙本质和牙釉质）。在体内研究中，脂肪饱和T2加权成像或对比增强T1加权成像可显示牙髓活力和再灌注情况。在体外和体内研究中，MRI均可显示干细胞治疗后的牙髓再生。超顺磁性氧化铁颗粒标记的干细胞在MRI上也可见。在增强T1加权成像上可证实干细胞诱导的血管生成。
MRI可成功用于显示牙髓形态以及牙髓活力和再生情况。未来，MRI在牙髓病领域的应用可能会增加。
