Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada, (CONICET-CCT La Plata-UNLP FCM, CEAS CICPBA), Argentina.
Cátedra de Farmacología Básica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2019;19(11):880-901. doi: 10.2174/1389557519666181128120726.
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by permanent hyperglycemia, whose development can be prevented or delayed by using therapeutic agents and implementing lifestyle changes. Some therapeutic alternatives include regulation of glycemia through modulation of different mediators and enzymes, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly relevant cellular energy sensor for metabolic homeostasis regulation, with particular relevance in the modulation of liver and muscle insulin sensitivity. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for antidiabetic drugs. In fact, some of them are standard drugs used for treatment of T2D, such as biguanides and thiazolidindiones. In this review, we compile the principal natural products that are activators of AMPK and their effect on glucose metabolism, which could make them candidates as future antidiabetic agents. Phenolics such as flavonoids and resveratrol, alkaloids such as berberine, and some saponins are potential natural activators of AMPK with a potential future as antidiabetic drugs.
2 型糖尿病（T2D）是一种以持续性高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病，可通过使用治疗药物和实施生活方式改变来预防或延缓其发展。一些治疗选择包括通过调节不同的介质和酶来调节血糖，例如 AMP 激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK），它是一种高度相关的细胞能量传感器，用于调节代谢稳态，在调节肝脏和肌肉胰岛素敏感性方面具有特别重要的意义。这使其成为抗糖尿病药物的潜在治疗靶点。事实上，其中一些是用于治疗 T2D 的标准药物，例如双胍类和噻唑烷二酮类。在这篇综述中，我们总结了主要的激活 AMPK 的天然产物及其对葡萄糖代谢的影响，这可能使它们成为未来抗糖尿病药物的候选药物。类黄酮等酚类化合物和白藜芦醇、小檗碱等生物碱以及一些皂苷是具有潜在未来的 AMPK 的潜在天然激活剂抗糖尿病药物。
